ArticleEpidemics2021
Competition between RSV and influenza: Limits of modelling inference from surveillance data.
Article in Epidemics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006-2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Association between seasonal respiratory virus activity and invasive pneumococcal disease in central Ontario, Canada.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Characterizing potential interaction between respiratory syncytial virus and seasonal influenza in the U.S.Epidemics · 2025Article
- The Role of Viral Interference in Shaping RSV Epidemics Following the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Article
- The role of viral interaction in household transmission of symptomatic influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Insights from respiratory virus co-infections.World journal of virology · 2024Review
- Characterizing the interactions between influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses and their implications for epidemic control.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Experience of an Italian Pediatric Third Level Emergency Department during the 2022-2023 Bronchiolitis Epidemic: A Focus on Discharged Patients and Revisits.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Potential health and economic impact of paediatric vaccination using next-generation influenza vaccines in Kenya: a modelling study.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- An overview on viral interference during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Roles for Pathogen Interference in Influenza Vaccination, with Implications to Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) and Attribution of Influenza Deaths.Infectious disease reports · 2022Review
- Evidence for influenza and RSV interaction from 10 years of enhanced surveillance in Nha Trang, Vietnam, a modelling study.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Interactions among 17 respiratory pathogens: a cross-sectional study using clinical and community surveillance data.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2022Article
- An Italian Multicenter Study on the Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Hospitalized Children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Influenza cause a large burden of disease. Evidence of their interaction via temporary cross-protection implies that prevention of one could inadvertently lead to an increase in the burden of the other. However, evidence for the public health impact of such interaction is sparse and largely derives from ecological analyses of peak shifts in surveillance data. To test the robustness of estimates of interaction parameters between RSV and Influenza from surveillance data we conducted a simulation and back-inference study. We developed a two-pathogen interaction model, parameterised to simulate RSV and Influenza epidemiology in the UK. Using the infection model in combination with a surveillance-like stochastic observation process we generated a range of possible RSV and Influenza trajectories and then used Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods to back-infer parameters including those describing competition. We find that in most scenarios both the strength and duration of RSV and Influenza interaction could be estimated from the simulated surveillance data reasonably well. However, the robustness of inference declined towards the extremes of the plausible parameter ranges, with misleading results. It was for instance not possible to tell the difference between low/moderate interaction and no interaction. In conclusion, our results illustrate that in a plausible parameter range, the strength of RSV and Influenza interaction can be estimated from a single season of high-quality surveillance data but also highlights the importance to test parameter identifiability a priori in such situations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.