ArticleScience advances2021
Pathways and modification of warm water flowing beneath Thwaites Ice Shelf, West Antarctica.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sea-level contribution from Thwaites Glacier doubles in an observation-constrained ice-sheet model.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Repeated major inland retreat of Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers (West Antarctica) during the Pliocene.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- West Antarctic ice retreat and paleoceanography in the Amundsen Sea in the warm early Pliocene.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The influence of subglacial lake discharge on Thwaites Glacier ice-shelf melting and grounding-line retreat.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Bathymetry of the Antarctic continental shelf and ice shelf cavities from circumpolar gravity anomalies and other data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Characterization of Phytoplankton-Derived Amino Acids and Tracing the Source of Organic Carbon Using Stable Isotopes in the Amundsen Sea.Marine drugs · 2024Article
- Widespread seawater intrusions beneath the grounded ice of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Synchronous retreat of Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers in response to external forcings in the presatellite era.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Melting ice and rising seas - connecting projected change in Antarctica's ice sheets to communities in Aotearoa New Zealand.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2024Article
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- Ocean variability beneath Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf driven by the Pine Island Bay Gyre strength.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Contemporary sea-level changes from global to local scales: a review.Proceedings. Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2022Review
- Rapid retreat of Thwaites Glacier in the pre-satellite era.Nature geoscience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thwaites Glacier is the most rapidly changing outlet of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet and adds large uncertainty to 21st century sea-level rise predictions. Here, we present the first direct observations of ocean temperature, salinity, and oxygen beneath Thwaites Ice Shelf front, collected by an autonomous underwater vehicle. On the basis of these data, pathways and modification of water flowing into the cavity are identified. Deep water underneath the central ice shelf derives from a previously underestimated eastern branch of warm water entering the cavity from Pine Island Bay. Inflow of warm and outflow of melt-enriched waters are identified in two seafloor troughs to the north. Spatial property gradients highlight a previously unknown convergence zone in one trough, where different water masses meet and mix. Our observations show warm water impinging from all sides on pinning points critical to ice-shelf stability, a scenario that may lead to unpinning and retreat.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.