Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33836786›Full record

ReviewOrphanet journal of rare diseases2021

Currarino syndrome: a comprehensive genetic review of a rare congenital disorder.

Gabriel C Dworschak, Heiko M Reutter, Michael Ludwig

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Orphanet journal of rare diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Atypical presacral masses in Currarino syndrome: a case series.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026
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  7. Fetal MRI: abdominal cystic lesions.Insights into imaging · 2026
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  9. Naked sacrococcygeal teratoma associated with dorsal meningocoele and sacrococcygeal inversion: an atypical presentation of Currarino syndrome.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
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  13. MODY Only Monogenic? A Narrative Review of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gabriel C DworschakInstitute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany. gabriel.dworschak@uni-bonn.de.ORCID 0000-0003-0015-6964
Heiko M ReutterInstitute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
Michael LudwigDepartment of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
University of Bonn · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe triad of a presacral mass, sacral agenesis and an anorectal anomaly constitutes the rare Currarino syndrome (CS), which is caused by dorsal-ventral patterning defects during embryonic development. The major causative CS gene is MNX1, encoding a homeobox protein. MAIN BODY: In the majority of patients, CS occurs as an autosomal dominant trait; however, a female predominance observed, implies that CS may underlie an additional mode(s) of inheritance. Often, the diagnosis of CS is established solely by clinical findings, impacting a detailed analysis of the disease. Our combined data, evaluating more than 60 studies reporting patients with CS-associated mutations, revealed a slightly higher incidence rate in females with a female-to-male ratio of 1.39:1. Overall, MNX1 mutation analysis was successful in only 57.4% of all CS patients investigated, with no mutation detected in 7.7% of the familial and 68% of the sporadic patients. Our studies failed to detect the presence of an expressed MNX1 isoform that might explain at least some of these mutation-negative cases.

conclusionAside from MNX1, other genes or regulatory regions may contribute to CS and we discuss several cytogenetic studies and whole-exome sequencing data that have implicated further loci/genes in its etiology.

Indexed as

Digestive System AbnormalitiesSyringomyeliaAnal CanalFemaleHomeodomain ProteinsHumansMaleRectumSacrumTranscription FactorsHomeodomain ProteinsMNX1 protein, humanTranscription FactorsAnorectal malformationConstipationCurrarino syndromeMNX1Presacral massSacral agenesis

Identifiers

PMID33836786
PMCPMC8034116
OpenAlexW3143418550

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.