Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33836598›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Nonlinear elasticity of biological basement membrane revealed by rapid inflation and deflation.

Hui Li, Yue Zheng, Yu Long Han, Shengqiang Cai, Ming Guo

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mechanics of compression-driven morphogenesis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Basement membrane structure and function: Relating biology to mechanics.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2025
    Review
  6. The life cycle of type IV collagen.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Development of anMatrix biology plus · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Cell-extracellular matrix mechanotransduction in 3D.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2023
    Review
  14. Local response and emerging nonlinear elastic length scale in biopolymer matrices.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Vascularizing the brainiScience · 2022
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Hui LiSchool of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; huili@bnu.edu.cn shqcai@ucsd.edu guom@mit.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-0551-9912
Yue ZhengDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
Yu Long HanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Shengqiang CaiDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 huili@bnu.edu.cn shqcai@ucsd.edu guom@mit.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-6852-7680
Ming GuoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; huili@bnu.edu.cn shqcai@ucsd.edu guom@mit.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-0016-4158
Massachusetts Institute of Technology · USUniversity of California San Diego · USBeijing Normal University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Basement membrane (BM) is a thin layer of extracellular matrix that surrounds most animal tissues, serving as a physical barrier while allowing nutrient exchange. Although they have important roles in tissue structural integrity, physical properties of BMs remain largely uncharacterized, which limits our understanding of their mechanical functions. Here, we perform pressure-controlled inflation and deflation to directly measure the nonlinear mechanics of BMs in situ. We show that the BMs behave as a permeable, hyperelastic material whose mechanical properties and permeability can be measured in a model-independent manner. Furthermore, we find that BMs exhibit a remarkable nonlinear stiffening behavior, in contrast to the reconstituted Matrigel. This nonlinear stiffening behavior helps the BMs to avoid the snap-through instability (or structural softening) widely observed during the inflation of most elastomeric balloons and thus maintain sufficient confining stress to the enclosed tissues during their growth.

Indexed as

basement membraneextracellular matrixnonlinear mechanicspermeabilitystrain stiffening

Identifiers

PMID33836598
PMCPMC7980462
OpenAlexW3134325689

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.