Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33836141›Full record

ArticleCell chemical biology2021

Targeted degradation of transcription factors by TRAFTACs: TRAnscription Factor TArgeting Chimeras.

Kusal T G Samarasinghe, Saul Jaime-Figueroa, Michael Burgess, Dhanusha A Nalawansha, Katherine Dai, Zhenyi Hu, Adrian Bebenek, Scott A Holley, Craig M Crews

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell chemical biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
91citing papers in PubMed
10.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

91 citing papers in PubMed, 170 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. A ligandable PNT domain establishes ERG as a directly targetable oncogenic driver in prostate cancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Targeted degradation of c-Myc through the midnolin-proteasome pathway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
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31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kusal T G SamarasingheDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Saul Jaime-FigueroaDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Michael BurgessDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Dhanusha A NalawanshaDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Katherine DaiDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Zhenyi HuDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Adrian BebenekDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Scott A HolleyDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Craig M CrewsDepartment of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Electronic address: craig.crews@yale.edu.
Yale University · US

Funding

Inducing Proximity: An Emerging Paradigm for New Therapeutic ModalitiesR35CA197589 · NCI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CRAIG M CREWS · 2015 to 2026
$10.7M
The Molecular Biophysics and Tissue Biomechanics of Somite MorphogenesisR01GM127876 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HOLLEY, SCOTT A · 2018 to 2021
$1.5M
NCI NIH HHS R35 CA197589NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM127876
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many diseases, including cancer, stem from aberrant activation or overexpression of oncoproteins that are associated with multiple signaling pathways. Although proteins with catalytic activity can be successfully drugged, the majority of other protein families, such as transcription factors, remain intractable due to their lack of ligandable sites. In this study, we report the development of TRAnscription Factor TArgeting Chimeras (TRAFTACs) as a generalizable strategy for targeted transcription factor degradation. We show that TRAFTACs, which consist of a chimeric oligonucleotide that simultaneously binds to the transcription factor of interest (TOI) and to HaloTag-fused dCas9 protein, can induce degradation of the former via the proteasomal pathway. Application of TRAFTACs to two oncogenic TOIs, NF-κB and brachyury, suggests that TRAFTACs can be successfully employed for the targeted degradation of other DNA-binding proteins. Thus, TRAFTAC technology is potentially a generalizable strategy to induce degradation of other transcription factors both in vitro and in vivo.

Indexed as

AnimalsBinding SitesCells, CulturedDNA-Binding ProteinsHEK293 CellsHumansOligonucleotidesTranscription FactorsZebrafishDNA-Binding ProteinsOligonucleotidesTranscription FactorsbrachyurydCas9degradationE3 ligaseHaloTagPROTACsproteasometranscription factorsundruggablezebrafish

Identifiers

PMID33836141
PMCPMC8524358
OpenAlexW3144996175

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.