ArticleJournal of community health2021
Factors Associated with Willingness to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19 in a Large Convenience Sample.
Article in Journal of community health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Asian American Vaccination, Testing, and Other Healthcare Knowledge & Behaviors during COVID-19, A Systematic Review.Pathogens and global health · 2023Pooled it
- The Role of Trust in COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance: Considerations from a Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Routine and Recommended Adult Vaccination Rates Among US Adults, National Health Interview Survey 2018.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- [Motivation and perception of vaccine accessibility among people vaccinated against COVID-19 in Makokou, Gabon, in 2021-2022].Medecine tropicale et sante internationale · 2026Article
- Vaccine uptake and hesitancy among Black people: A scoping review.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2026Article
- Differences in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake according to region of birth: findings from a cross-sectional survey in Sweden.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Measles containing vaccine hesitancy and readiness in the post-COVID-19 era: A 7C model commentary.Global health & medicine · 2025Article
- Predictors affecting vaccine hesitancy towards annual COVID-19 booster shots among populations from different countries.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Analysis of public opinion polls about COVID-19 vaccines: Theoretical and policy implications for vaccine communication and campaigns to address vaccine hesitancy.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Political Affiliation, Policy Measures, and Intention to Receive COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccines.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- The Association Between the We Can Do This Campaign and Vaccination Beliefs in the United States, January 2021-March 2022.Journal of health communication · 2024Article
- Association between vaccination beliefs and COVID-19 vaccine uptake in a longitudinal panel survey of adults in the United States, 2021-2022.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review on Gender/Sex Differences in COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions and Uptake in the United States.American journal of health promotion : AJHP · 2024Article
- Article
- Application of ChatGPT in reducing vaccine hesitancy and enhancing vaccine acceptance: hope or myth?Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2024Article
- How does collectivism help deal with perceived vaccine artificiality? The case of COVID-19 vaccination intent in European young adults.PloS one · 2024Article
- The majority of Canadians likely behaved as myopic rationalists rather than success-based learners when deciding on their first dose of COVID-19 vaccine.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Optimizing Education to Improve COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in a Federally Qualified Health Center.The Permanente journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Willingness and reasons to be vaccinated against COVID-19 were examined among 26,324 respondents who completed a survey on willingness and questions related to Confidence in vaccine safety, Complacency about the disease, Convenience of vaccination, tendency to Calculate risks versus benefits, and Concern for protecting others. Willingness to be vaccinated differed by age (p < 0.001), by race and ethnicity (p < 0.001) and by level of education (p < 0.001). Willingness generally increased with age and education. Asians were most willing to be vaccinated, followed by non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic Blacks (p < 0.001). Occupational groups differed in willingness (p < 0.001). Retired and students were more willing than all others (p < 0.001) followed by disabled or unemployed, healthcare workers, and educators. First Responders were least willing to be vaccinated (p < 0.001) followed by construction, maintenance and landscaping, homemakers, housekeeping, cleaning and janitorial workers, and retail and food service. The strongest predictor of willingness was confidence with the safety of the vaccine (r = 0.723, p < 0.001), followed by concern with protecting others by being vaccinated (r = 0.574, p < 0.001), and believing COVID-19 was serious enough to merit vaccination (r = 0.478, p < 0.00). Using multiple regression, confidence in safety was the strongest predictor for all groups. Protecting others was strongest for 13 of 15 demographic groups and 8 of 11 occupational groups. College educated, non-Hispanic Whites, first responders, construction, maintenance and landscape workers, housekeeping, cleaning and janitorial workers all gave greater weight to complacency about the disease. These results can help in designing programs to combat vaccine hesitancy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.