Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33835284›Full record

ReviewCurrent diabetes reports2021

The Prevalence of Diabetic Microvascular Complications in China and the USA.

Yu Kuei Lin, Bixia Gao, Lili Liu, Lynn Ang, Kara Mizokami-Stout, Rodica Pop-Busui, Luxia Zhang

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current diabetes reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT05359432. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05359432 phase4completed

Comparison of Empaglifozin and Vildagliptin in Efficacy and Safety in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Ran2020Enrolled120Registered outcomes10Posted comparisons0ConditionsType 2 DiabetesArmsempagliflozin, vildagliptin
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Exploring the toxicological network in diabetic microvascular disease.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025
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  15. Review
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  19. UnveilingJournal of inflammation research · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yu Kuei LinDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. yuklin@med.umich.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-1988-7046
Bixia GaoDepartment of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Lili LiuDepartment of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Lynn AngDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Kara Mizokami-StoutDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Rodica Pop-BusuiDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Luxia ZhangRenal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China. zhanglx@bimu.eu.dn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewDiabetes can lead to development of devastating microvascular complications, such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and peripheral sensory and autonomic neuropathy. While China and the USA both face the threat of this major public health challenge, the literature is limited in describing similarities and differences in the prevalence, and risk factors for the development, of diabetic microvascular complications between these two countries. RECENT

findingsThe current review discusses the following: (1) the most recent evidence on prevalence of diabetic microvascular complications in China and the USA (including downtrends of diabetes retinopathy and neuropathy in the USA); (2) differences in patient risk factors of these complications; (3) challenges and current knowledge gaps (such as lacking national epidemiological data of diabetic complications in China); and (4) potential future clinical and research opportunities (including needs in diabetes evaluation and management in remote areas and standardization of methods in evaluating diabetic complications across countries). Diabetic microvascular complications remain to be health threats in both China and the USA. Further investigations are needed for comprehensive understanding and effect prevention and management of these complications.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic AngiopathiesDiabetic NephropathiesDiabetic NeuropathiesDiabetic RetinopathyChinaHumansPrevalenceChinaDiabetesNephropathyNeuropathyRetinopathyUSA

Identifiers

PMID33835284

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.