ReviewCurrent neurology and neuroscience reports2021
Chronic Demyelination and Axonal Degeneration in Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications.
Review in Current neurology and neuroscience reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies in Rodent Models of Multiple Sclerosis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Regional IVIM-DWI Abnormalities in Normal-Appearing White Matter and Lesion Tissue in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Deep learning-based neuroanatomical profiling reveals population-specific brain changes in multiple sclerosis: a large-scale Middle Eastern study.BMC medical imaging · 2026Observational
- The hypoxia-inflammation cycle as a key mechanism of smoldering inflammation and progression in multiple sclerosis.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Review
- Mitochondria as a Therapeutic Target in Neurodegeneration: Strategies for Restoring Cellular Homeostasis.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Review
- TNFR2 Agonism: Basic Science and Promising Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis and Related Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Epigenetic and Mitochondrial Metabolic Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review of Herbal Drug Approaches and Current Clinical Trials.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Spinal Cord Injury Remyelination: Pathways to Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- A multicenter, prospective cohort study on the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination response in patients with multiple sclerosis in Germany.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Frequency of tremor in people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2025Review
- Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Versatile Therapeutic Approach for Cancer, Autoimmune Disorders, GVHD and COVID-19.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Review
- Quantitative susceptibility mapping at 7 T in COVID-19: brainstem effects and outcome associations.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1: a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2024Review
- The Hidden Hand in White Matter: Pericytes and the Puzzle of Demyelination.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Review
- Human endogenous retrovirus W in multiple sclerosis: transcriptional activity is associated with decline in oligodendrocyte proportions in the white matter of the brain.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Inflammatory attacks in MS lead to both demyelination and axonal damage. However, due to incomplete remyelination most MS lesions remain chronically demyelinated. In parallel, there is axonal degeneration in the CNS of MS patients, contributing to progressive disability. There are currently no approved therapies that adequately restore myelin or protect axons from degeneration. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiology of axonal loss and chronic demyelination in MS and how understanding this pathophysiology is leading to the development of new MS therapeutics. RECENT
findingsOngoing research into the function of oligodendrocytes and myelin has revealed the importance of their relationship with neuronal health. Demyelination in MS leads to a number of pathophysiologic changes contributing to axonal generation. Among these are mitochondrial dysfunction, persistent neuroinflammation, and the effects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. With this information, we review currently approved and investigational therapies designed to restore lost or damaged myelin and protect against neuronal degeneration. The development of therapies to restore lost myelin and protect neurons is a promising avenue of investigation for the benefit of patients with MS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.