ArticleScientific reports2021
Cardiometabolic diseases, frailty, and healthcare utilization and expenditure in community-dwelling Chinese older adults.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interplay between frailty and cardiometabolic disorders: from pathophysiology to clinical implications.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Pooled it
- Cost of illness analysis of frailty for older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European geriatric medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Association of long-term depressive burden with incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a prospective study in middle-aged and older adults across three continents.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- A Cross-Nationally Validated Nomogram for Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity in Overweight/Obese Older Adults: CHARLS and HRS Cohorts.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Risk of Incident Frailty in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-National Longitudinal Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Estimation of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiometabolic multimorbidity risk in middle-aged and elderly Chinese: findings from a nationwide prospective cohort.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Association between modified cardiometabolic index and cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from two nationwide cohort studies.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Frailty and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Prevalence and predictors of frailty among older patients with lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Associations between depression and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Joint Associations of Frailty and Cardiometabolic Diseases With Risk of All-Cause and Cardiac Mortality.JACC. Asia · 2025Article
- The association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity with depression and length of hospitalization: a population-based cross-sectional study among adults in Turkey.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Gender-specific effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity: A cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic multimorbidity and frailty in middle-aged and older adults: a cross-nationally harmonized study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a predictive model for frailty risk in older adults with cardiovascular-metabolic comorbidities.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Relationship of METS-IR with cardiometabolic multimorbidity in China: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The effects of kiwifruit consumption on anthropometric and cardiometabolic indices in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2024Review
- Relationship of frailty status with health resource use and healthcare costs in the population aged 65 and over in Catalonia.European journal of ageing · 2023Article
- Influencing factors of care dependence in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention-A cross-sectional study.Nursing open · 2023Article
- Association of frailty with health service use among older Chinese adults: analysis of population-based panel data.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigated associations between cardiometabolic diseases, frailty, and healthcare utilization and expenditure among Chinese older adults. The participants were 5204 community-dwelling adults aged at least 60 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Five cardiometabolic diseases were assessed including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, cardiac diseases and stroke. Frailty status was based on five criteria: slowness, weakness, exhaustion, inactivity, and shrinking. Participants were deemed frailty if they met at least three criteria. As the number of cardiometabolic diseases increased, so did the prevalence of frailty, and the proportion of healthcare utilization, including outpatient visit and inpatient visit. Moreover, the total healthcare expenditure and the odds of catastrophic health expenditure were increased with the number of cardiometabolic disorders. After adjusting for covariates, cardiometabolic diseases were positively associated with higher odds of frailty, incurring outpatient and inpatient visit. And individuals with 2 or more cardiometabolic diseases had a higher odds of catastrophic health expenditure than persons with non-cardiometabolic disease. Participants who were frailty were more likely to report higher odds of healthcare utilization. These findings suggest that both cardiometabolic diseases and frailty assessment may improve identification of older adults likely to require costly, extensive healthcare.
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