ArticleScientific reports2021
Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken's growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phytotherapeutics self-microemulsifying systems in pellet dosage form for enhanced intestinal drug delivery: formulation, stability, andDrug delivery · 2026Article
- Enhanced Efficacy of Pomegranate Peel Extract via Double Nano-Emulsion Delivery in Laying Hens: Impact on Performance, Immunity, Antioxidant Status, andVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Salmonella infection in chickens: pathogen, pathogenesis, and dietary non-drug feed additives as alternatives to antibiotics - a comprehensive review.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Reducing Antibiotic Dependence in Poultry: The Potential of Phytochemicals as Antibiotic Alternatives Against Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Phytogenic feed additive mitigates necrotic enteritis-associated gut damage and performance loss in broilers.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Combination of bacteriophage-probiotics alleviates intestinal barrier dysfunction by regulating gut microbiome in a chick model of multidrug-resistant Salmonella infection.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Short-term supplementation of thymol and carvacrol regulates feed intake via the hypothalamic PI3K/AKT/SF-1 pathway and influences intestinal traits in chicks.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Protective Role of Nano-encapsulated Bifidobacterium breve, Bacilllus coagulans, and Lactobacillus plantarum in Colitis Model: Insights Toward Propagation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Reduction of Exaggerated Inflammatory and Oxidative Response.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Optimistic effects of dual nano-encapsulated probiotics on breeders laying performance, intestinal barrier functions, immunity and resistance against Salmonella Typhimurium challenge.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ingestion of Artemisia argyit essential oil combats Salmonella pullorum infections by altering gut microbiota composition in chicks.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Preliminary study on the effects of dry powder and water extract of Neolamarckia cadamba on growth performance, immunity, and intestinal health of yellow-feathered broilers.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Single-Port Fluorescence Immunoassay for Concurrent Quantification of Live and Dead Bacteria: A Strategy Based on Extracellular Nucleases and DNase I.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals the mechanism of chicken cecum response toiScience · 2025Article
- Crosstalk between MSC-extracellular vesicles andFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Effect of supplemental dietary phytogenic blends on growth performance, jejunal histomorphometry, and jejunal immunity of broiler chickens.Archives animal breeding · 2025Article
- Impact of Dried Thyme Leaf Meal on Production Performance, Egg Quality and Blood Parameters of Laying Hens.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Antioxidant properties of D-limonene and its nanoemulsion form enhance its anticoccidial efficiency in experimentally infected broilers with Eimeria tenella: an in vitro and in vivo study.Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Comparative Efficacy of Plant Extracts and Probiotics on Growth and Gut Health in Chickens with Necrotic Enteritis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Dietary bile acids supplementation protects against Salmonella Typhimurium infection via improving intestinal mucosal barrier and gut microbiota composition in broilers.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Preparation and Characterization of Cumin Essential Oil Nanoemulsion (CEONE) as an Antibacterial Agent and Growth Promoter in Broilers: A Study on Efficacy, Safety, and Health Impact.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fed basal diet without additives and thymol and thymol nanoemulsion groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1% each). At d 23, all chicks except negative control were challenged with S. Typhimurium. Over the total growing period, birds fed 1% thymol nanoemulsion showed better growth performance even after S. Typhimurium challenge, which came parallel with upregulation of digestive enzyme genes (AMY2A, PNLIP and CCK). Additionally, higher levels of thymol nanoemulsion upregulated the expression of MUC-2, FABP2, IL-10, IgA and tight junction proteins genes and downregulated IL-2 and IL-6 genes expression. Moreover, 1% thymol nanoemulsion, and to lesser extent 0.5% thymol nanoemulsion and 1% thymol, corrected the histological alterations of cecum and liver postinfection. Finally, supplementation of 1% thymol, 0.5 and 1% thymol nanoemulsion led to increased Lactobacilli counts and decreased S. Typhimurium populations and downregulated invA gene expression postinfection. This first report of supplying thymol nanoemulsion in broiler diets proved that 1% nano-thymol is a potential growth promoting and antibacterial agent.
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