ArticlePloS one2021
Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for diagnosis of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, one year of use in a multi-centric hospital laboratory in Brussels, Belgium.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-complexity automated nucleic acid amplification tests for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults and adolescents.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating the efficacy of stool sample on Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and its comparison with other sample types by meta-analysis for TB diagnostics.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay for diagnosis of tuberculosis: A retrospective study in a city with intermediate tuberculosis burden.Infectious medicine · 2026Article
- Molecular Characterization of theAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Diagnostic utility of Xpert MTB/RIF ultra in clinically suspected tuberculous lymphadenitis in low-burden settings: a single center experience from Saudi Arabia.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2026Article
- Comparison of stool and gastric content samples analyzed with genexpert ultra for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children under five in Niger: a multi-center diagnostic study.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Paucibacillary Tuberculosis Drives the Low Positive Predictive Value of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for Rifampicin Resistance Detection in Low-Prevalence Settings.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra performance on bronchial specimens in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in Vancouver, Canada.Journal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the cobas MTB and MTB-RIF/INH assay in clinical samples for the detection ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Predicting rifampicin resistance inERJ open research · 2025Article
- Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra versus mycobacterial growth indicator tube liquid culture for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in symptomatic adults: a diagnostic accuracy study.The Lancet. Microbe · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Evolution of Laboratory Diagnosis of Tuberculosis.Clinics and practice · 2024Review
- Advancing tuberculosis diagnosis and management in cynomolgus macaques using Xpert MTB/RIF ultra assay.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for the Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Analysis in Saudi Arabia.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2023Article
- The Efficiency of TB LAM Antigen Test to Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra Test for the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pericarditis Using Pericardial Fluid Samples.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR-TB) and Extensively Drug-Resistant TB (XDR-TB) Among Children: Where We Stand Now.Cureus · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Among the challenges in controlling tuberculosis, a rapid and accurate diagnostic test for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBc) and its resistance to first line therapies is crucial. We evaluated the performance of the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay (Xpert Ultra) for the rapid detection of MTBc and rifampicin resistance (RR) in 1120 pulmonary and 461 extra-pulmonary clinical specimens and compared it with conventional phenotypic techniques. The Xpert Ultra assay detected MTBc in 223 (14.1%) samples with an overall sensitivity and specificity, using culture as the "gold standard", of 91.1% (95% CI, 85.6-95.1) and 94.5% (95% CI, 93.1-95.6), respectively. The sensitivity of the Xpert Ultra test for smear-negative extra-pulmonary specimens was high (87.1%), even higher than with smear-negative pulmonary specimens (81.8%). But this enhanced sensitivity came with a low overall specificity of smear-negative extra-pulmonary specimens (66.7%). For 73 patients, 79/1423 (3.4%) negative mycobacterial culture samples were found to be positive with Xpert Ultra. Clinical data was necessary to correctly interpret potential false-positive results, especially trace-positive results. Sensitivity of the Xpert Ultra to detect RR compared to drug susceptibility testing was 100% (95% CI, 29.2-100) and specificity was 99.2% (95% CI, 95.8-100). We concluded that the Xpert Ultra test is able to provide a reliable TB diagnosis within a significantly shorter turnaround time than culture. This is especially true for paucibacillary samples such as smear-negative pulmonary specimens and extra-pulmonary specimens.
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