ArticlePloS one2021
Microbial community compositions in breast implant biofilms associated with contracted capsules.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection to Disruption: A Comprehensive Review of Bacterial Biofilms and Therapeutic Advances.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Microbial Contamination-Mediated Inflammation Is a Major Contributor of Breast Implant Complications: Prospective Analysis of 631 Samples.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative microbiome analysis of contracted breast capsules: a cross-sectional study.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Advances in Etiology and Prevention of Capsular Contracture After Breast Implantation.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Review
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 16S rRNA and Cancer Microbiome Atlas Datasets to Characterize Microbiota Signatures in Normal Breast, Mastitis, and Breast Cancer.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Association Between Breast Microbiota and Capsular Contracture: A Systematic Review.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2025Review
- Review
- Clinical Evaluation of Microbial Communities and Associated Biofilms with Breast Augmentation Failure.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- A prospective randomized clinical trial to assess antibiotic pocket irrigation on tissue expander breast reconstruction.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Infections in patients with adverse reactions to the use of unknown modeling substances for soft tissue enhancement in Cali, Colombia.PloS one · 2023Article
- High-Throughput Biofilm Assay to Investigate Bacterial Interactions with Surface Topographies.ACS applied bio materials · 2022Article
- The Current Knowledge on the Pathogenesis of Tissue and Medical Device-Related Biofilm Infections.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Efficacy of Povidone Iodine Against Microbial Biofilms in Breast Implants With Different Textures: Results From anFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Effect of Breast Silicone Implant Topography on Bacterial Attachment and Growth: AnIn vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Subclinical bacterial infections (biofilms) are strongly implicated in breast augmentation failure due to capsular contracture, and while these infections are generally ascribed to common skin commensals, this remains largely unsubstantiated through robust cultivation independent analyses. To determine capsule biofilm microbial community compositions, we employed amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene using DNA extracted from breast implant capsule samples. These cultivation independent analyses revealed that capsule associated biofilms are more diverse than canonical single-species infections, but have relatively low diversity (~ <100 species) compared to many host-associated microbial communities. In addition to taxa commonly associated with capsular contracture, the biofilms analyzed comprised a number of taxa that escaped detection in cultivation-dependent work. We have also isolated several key taxa identified through the culture-independent analyses. Together our analyses reveal that capsule biofilms are more diverse than cultivation studies suggest and can be heterogeneous within an individual capsule, between breasts of the same patient, across similar implant types, and over a range in severity of contracture. The complex nature of these communities requires further study across a broader suite of patients in addition to higher resolution analyses including metagenomics to better assess the fundamental role of microorganisms in capsular contracture.
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