ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2021
Use of Real-Time PCR for Chlamydia psittaci Detection in Human Specimens During an Outbreak of Psittacosis - Georgia and Virginia, 2018.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global prevalence of psittacosis in outbreaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Rapid detection of Chlamydia Psittaci by isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification assays.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Molecular detection of Chlamydia psittaci in wild birds, broiler chickens, and sheep in Egypt: a public health concern.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Early diagnosis and therapy of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: insights from chest CT, tNGS, and omadacycline in 34 cases.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical management and pharmaceutical care of severeFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- From models to medicine: systematic development and evaluation of animal models forFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Clinical Characteristics and Machine Learning-Based Severity Classification ofInfection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Community-AcquiredCase reports in infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics ofFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Clinical Characteristics ofInfection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Pneumonia Caused byInternational medical case reports journal · 2024Article
- Psittacosis: An Underappreciated and Often Undiagnosed Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of psittacosis among cases with complicated or atypical pulmonary infection using metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a multi-center observational study in China.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2023Observational
- Chlamydia psittaci in Faecal Samples of Feral Pigeons (Columba livia forma urbana) in Urban Areas of Lublin city, Poland.Current microbiology · 2022Article
- Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Pneumonia Caused by Chlamydia psittaci.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Clinical Characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci Pneumonia Infection in Central South China.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2022Article
- Tigecycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia caused byFrontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Development of a Lateral Flow Strip-Based Recombinase-Aided Amplification for ActiveFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- A Rare Bird: Diagnosis of Psittacosis Meningitis by Clinical Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Psittacosis is typically a mild febrile respiratory illness caused by infection with the bacterium Chlamydia psittaci and usually transmitted to humans by infected birds (1). On average, 11 psittacosis cases per year were reported in the United States during 2000-2017. During August-October 2018, the largest U.S. psittacosis outbreak in 30 years (82 cases identified*) occurred in two poultry slaughter plants, one each in Virginia and Georgia, that shared source farms (2). CDC used C. psittaci real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to test 54 human specimens from this outbreak. This was the largest number of human specimens from a single outbreak ever tested for C. psittaci using real-time PCR, which is faster and more sensitive than commercially available serologic tests. This represented a rare opportunity to assess the utility of multiple specimen types for real-time PCR detection of C. psittaci. C. psittaci was detected more frequently in lower respiratory specimens (59% [10 of 17]) and stool (four of five) than in upper respiratory specimens (7% [two of 28]). Among six patients with sputum and nasopharyngeal swabs tested, C. psittaci was detected only in sputum in five patients. Cycle threshold (Ct) values suggested bacterial load was higher in lower respiratory specimens than in nasopharyngeal swabs. These findings support prioritizing lower respiratory specimens for real-time PCR detection of C. psittaci. Stool specimens might also have utility for diagnosis of psittacosis.
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