Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33830411›Full record

ArticleJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2021

Uterine synechiae after intrauterine device use: a case series.

Mary Kathryn Abel, Kaitlyn Wald, Marcelle I Cedars, Martha Noel

Open access · greenAbstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mary Kathryn AbelDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 499 Illinois Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. marykathryn.abel@ucsf.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-5823
Kaitlyn WaldDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 499 Illinois Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Marcelle I CedarsDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 499 Illinois Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Martha NoelDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 499 Illinois Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
University of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe intrauterine device (IUD) is one of the most effective and safe contraceptive methods. Substantial literature suggests an overall return to normal fertility following IUD removal. However, there are no studies to date that evaluate endometrial function specifically in nulliparous women after levonorgestrel IUD use.

methodsWe present three nulliparous women with a history of levonorgestrel IUD use who were evaluated for uterine dysfunction at the University of California, San Francisco Center for Reproductive Health. These patients had no other known risk factors or history of uterine manipulation, including prior uterine surgery, pelvic radiation, intrauterine infection, hypothalamic amenorrhea, or uterine anomaly.

resultsUpon evaluation, these patients were found to have uterine synechiae concerning for Asherman syndrome. All three patients were eventually able to conceive through assisted reproductive technology or natural conception.

conclusionThis case series is the first to suggest a possible effect of endometrial dysfunction on fertility resumption following levonorgestrel IUD removal in nulliparous patients. It is possible that a small subset of patients may be at risk for Asherman syndrome after IUD use. Larger prospective trials are needed to explore this possible association.

Indexed as

AdultContraceptive Agents, HormonalEndometriumFemaleHumansIntrauterine DevicesLevonorgestrelPrognosisUrogenital AbnormalitiesUterusContraceptive Agents, HormonalLevonorgestrelAsherman syndromeInfertilityIntrauterine adhesionsIntrauterine device

Identifiers

PMID33830411
PMCPMC8581113
OpenAlexW3147015753

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.