Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33829608›Full record

ReviewProtein science : a publication of the Protein Society2021

Adenosine triphosphate energy-independently controls protein homeostasis with unique structure and diverse mechanisms.

Jianxing Song

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Aggregation of Phosphates Enhances Enzyme Activity in Aqueous Solution.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. ATP Can Act as a Stabilizer on Neutral Macromolecules.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  18. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jianxing SongDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-0224-6322
National University of Singapore · SG

Funding

Ministry of Education of Singapore R-154-000-B92-114
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Proteins function in the crowded cellular environments with high salt concentrations, thus facing tremendous challenges of misfolding/aggregation which represents a pathological hallmark of aging and an increasing spectrum of human diseases. Recently, intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) were recognized to drive liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), a common principle for organizing cellular membraneless organelles (MLOs). ATP, the universal energy currency for all living cells, mysteriously has concentrations of 2-12 mM, much higher than required for its previously-known functions. Only recently, ATP was decoded to behave as a biological hydrotrope to inhibit protein LLPS and aggregation at mM. We further revealed that ATP also acts as a bivalent binder, which not only biphasically modulates LLPS driven by IDRs of human and viral proteins, but also bind to the conserved nucleic-acid-binding surfaces of the folded proteins. Most unexpectedly, ATP appears to act as a hydration mediator to antagonize the crowding-induced destabilization as well as to enhance folding of proteins without significant binding. Here, this review focuses on summarizing the results of these biophysical studies and discussing their implications in an evolutionary context. By linking triphosphate with unique hydration property to adenosine, ATP appears to couple the ability for establishing hydrophobic, π-π, π-cation and electrostatic interactions to the capacity in mediating hydration of proteins, which is at the heart of folding, dynamics, stability, phase separation and aggregation. Consequently, ATP acquired a category of functions at ~mM to energy-independently control protein homeostasis with diverse mechanisms, thus implying a link between cellular ATP concentrations and protein-aggregation diseases.

Indexed as

HomeostasisProtein FoldingProteostasisAdenosine TriphosphateAnimalsHumansProtein DomainsAdenosine Triphosphateadenosine triphosphatecrowding-induced destabilizationFUSintrinsically disordered proteinsliquid-liquid phase separationNMR spectroscopyprotein aggregationprotein homeostasisSARS-CoV-2TDP-43

Identifiers

PMID33829608
PMCPMC8197423
OpenAlexW3145963518

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.