ArticleJournal of eye movement research2020
Fixation duration and the learning process: an eye tracking study with subtitled videos.
Article in Journal of eye movement research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Eyes on dementia: an overview of the interplay between eye movements and cognitive decline.Journal of medicine and life · 2023Pooled it
- Quantification of Cognitive States via Eye Tracking and Using Artificial Intelligence to Analyze Virtual Reality Learning Experiences.Journal of eye movement research · 2026Article
- The associative pathways linking intangible cultural heritage short videos to youth rural cultural identity: An experiment based on eye-tracking and structural equation modeling.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Beyond the first glance: How human presence enhances visual entropy and promotes spatial learning.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Drawing and Soccer Tactical Memorization: An Eye-Tracking Investigation of the Moderating Role of Visuospatial Abilities and Expertise.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring Health Care Professionals' Engagement With a Precision Dosing Calculator and Supporting Clinical Information: Insights From an Eye-Tracking and Usability Study.Therapeutic drug monitoring · 2025Article
- Article
- Age-Related Differences in Visual Attention to Heritage Tourism: An Eye-Tracking Study.Journal of eye movement research · 2025Article
- Performance Measurement of Gesture-Based Human-Machine Interfaces Within eXtended Reality Head-Mounted Displays.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Investigating Eye Movements to Examine Attachment-Related Differences in Facial Emotion Perception and Face Memory.Journal of imaging · 2025Article
- Applying mobile eye tracking to measure real-time engagement and enhance informal learning at environmental exhibits.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Neck and mind: exploring emotion processing in cervical dystonia.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Prediction of Attention Groups and Big Five Personality Traits from Gaze Features Collected from an Outlier Search Game.Journal of imaging · 2024Article
- The effect of sports expertise on the performance of orienteering athletes' real scene image recognition and their visual search characteristics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Efficient diagnostic classification of diverse pathologies through contextual eye movement data analysis with a novel hybrid architecture.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- An Eye-Tracking Study on Six Early Social-Emotional Abilities in Children Aged 1 to 3 Years.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Emotion Recognition in Multiple System Atrophy: An Exploratory Eye-Tracking Study.Journal of movement disorders · 2024Article
- Examining Eye Tracking Metrics and Cognitive Function in Post-Stroke Individuals: A Comparison of Visual Searching Tasks between Those with and without Cognitive Impairment.Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Impact of Leading Line Composition on Visual Cognition: An Eye-Tracking Study.Journal of eye movement research · 2024Article
- An Eye-Tracking-Based Investigation on the Principle of Closure in Logo Design.Journal of eye movement research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Learning is a complex phenomenon and education researchers are increasingly focussing on processes that go into it. Eye tracking has become an important tool in such research. In this paper, we focus on one of the most commonly used metrics in eye tracking, namely, fixation duration. Fixation duration has been used to study cognition and attention. However, fixation duration distributions are characteristically non-normal and heavily skewed to the right. Therefore, the use of a single average value, such as the mean fixation duration, to predict cognition and/or attention could be problematic. This is especially true in studies of complex constructs, such as learning, which are governed by both cognitive and affective processes. We collected eye tracking data from 51 students watching a 12 min long educational video with and without subtitles. The learning gain after watching the video was calculated with pre- and post-test scores. Several multiple linear regression models revealed a) fixation duration can explain a substantial fraction of variation in the pre-post data, which indicates its usefulness in the study of learning processes; b) the arithmetic mean of fixation durations, which is the most commonly reported eye tracking metric, may not be the optimal choice; and c) a phenomenological model of fixation durations where the number of fixations over different temporal ranges are used as inputs seemed to perform the best. The results and their implications for learning process research are discussed.
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