Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33827375›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group2021

Histotripsy: the first noninvasive, non-ionizing, non-thermal ablation technique based on ultrasound.

Zhen Xu, Timothy L Hall, Eli Vlaisavljevich, Fred T Lee

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 183 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
183citing papers in PubMed
16.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

183 citing papers in PubMed, 314 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Injectable radiopaque targets for cone-beam CT guided histotripsy.International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group · 2026
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  6. Histotripsy for Liver Tumors: Breakthrough or Hype?Annals of surgical oncology · 2026
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123 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Zhen XuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Timothy L HallDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Eli VlaisavljevichDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Fred T LeeDepartments of Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Urology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison · USVirginia Tech · US

Funding

Image-Guided Non-Invasive Ultrasonic Thrombolysis Using HistotripsyR01EB008998 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI XU, ZHEN · 2008 to 2017
$4.5M
Integrated Dual-frequency Ultrasound Catheter for Accelerated Sonothrombolysis (iDUCAS)R01HL141967 · NHLBI · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI Xiaoning Jiang, Zhen Xu · 2018 to 2026
$4.1M
Histotripsy for Urinary Stone ComminutionR01DK091267 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI HALL, TIMOTHY L · 2011 to 2020
$3.4M
Novel, Noninvasive, Rapid Tumor Ablation Technology using HistotripsyR01CA211217 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI XU, ZHEN · 2018 to 2022
$2.7M
Novel Ultrasonic Technique for the Treatment of Hemorrhagic StrokeR01NS108042 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI PANDEY, ADITYA S · 2018 to 2022
$2.6M
Transcranial Magnetic Resonance guided Histotripsy (tcMRgHt)R01EB028309 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI XU, ZHEN · 2019 to 2022
$2.4M
Novel Ultrasonic Technology to Treat Hemorrhagic StrokeR21NS093121 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI XU, ZHEN · 2015 to 2016
$426k
Non-invasive Transcranial Histotripsy Treatment in a Murine Primary Malignant Brain Tumor ModelR21CA260684 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI PANDEY, ADITYA S, XU, ZHEN · 2021 to 2021
$384k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA211217NCI NIH HHS R21 CA260684NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL141967NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB008998NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB028309NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK091267NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS108042NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS093121
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Histotripsy is the first noninvasive, non-ionizing, and non-thermal ablation technology guided by real-time imaging. Using focused ultrasound delivered from outside the body, histotripsy mechanically destroys tissue through cavitation, rendering the target into acellular debris. The material in the histotripsy ablation zone is absorbed by the body within 1-2 months, leaving a minimal remnant scar. Histotripsy has also been shown to stimulate an immune response and induce abscopal effects in animal models, which may have positive implications for future cancer treatment. Histotripsy has been investigated for a wide range of applications in preclinical studies, including the treatment of cancer, neurological diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Three human clinical trials have been undertaken using histotripsy for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, liver cancer, and calcified valve stenosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of histotripsy covering the origin, mechanism, bioeffects, parameters, instruments, and the latest results on preclinical and human studies.

Indexed as

Ablation TechniquesHigh-Intensity Focused Ultrasound AblationNeoplasmsAnimalsHumansModels, AnimalUltrasonographyHigh intensity ultrasoundimagingimmunotherapyphysicsultrasound

Identifiers

PMID33827375
PMCPMC9404673
OpenAlexW3148375137

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.