ArticleStroke2021
The Story of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: From Recalcitrant to Treatable Disease.
Article in Stroke, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- The third Intensive Care Bundle with Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT3): an international, stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2023Trial
- Association of Location-Specific Perihematomal Edema with Clinical Outcomes in Deep Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Impact of dynamic blood glucose trajectories on mortality in critically ill non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage patients: a retrospective cohort study.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Lcn2 Promotes Ferroptosis in Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Targeting Keap1 Tyr572 and Restricting Nrf2 Activation.MedComm · 2026Article
- Failed resolution of inflammation in intracerebral haemorrhage.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Optimising hyperacute intracerebral haemorrhage management: factors influencing timely intervention.Internal medicine journal · 2026Article
- Targeting the posterior thalamic hub: hemispheric-specific encoding of pain-depression comorbidity after hemorrhagic stroke.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Impaired Glymphatic Function and Post-stroke Cognitive Decline after Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Serial Neuroimaging Study.Translational stroke research · 2026Article
- Early care limitation after ICH in a population-based study: what drives clinicians' decisions?European stroke journal · 2026Article
- Losartan treatment attenuates the cardiorenal alterations in a rat model of hemorrhagic insular stroke.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026Article
- Beating the clock: comparing the speed of anticoagulation reversal in intracerebral haemorrhage to thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke.European stroke journal · 2026Article
- The CaCell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Location-Specific Analysis of Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Application of ultrasound-based navigation in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage surgery: a meta-analysis.American journal of translational research · 2026Review
- Transplanting neural stem cells overexpressing miRNA-21 can promote neural recovery after cerebral hemorrhage through the SOX2/LIN28-let-7 signaling pathway.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Surgical outcomes from haematoma evacuation for intracerebral haemorrhage in the INTERACT3 study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Microglial STING activation promotes neuroinflammation and pathological changes in experimental mice with intracerebral haemorrhage.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Causal relationship between statins and hemorrhagic stroke: A drug-target Mendelian randomization analysis.Medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of Restricted Blood Flow Interval Training on Lower Extremity Muscles and Motor Function in Stroke Patients.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Improving differentiation of hemorrhagic brain metastases from non-neoplastic hematomas using radiomics and clinical feature fusion.Neuroradiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 11 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This invited special report is based on an award presentation at the World Stroke Organization/European Stroke Organization Conference in November of 2020 outlining progress in the acute management of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) over the past 35 years. ICH is the second most common and the deadliest type of stroke for which there is no scientifically proven medical or surgical treatment. Prospective studies from the 1990s onward have demonstrated that most growth of spontaneous ICH occurs within the first 2 to 3 hours and that growth of ICH and resulting volumes of ICH and intraventricular hemorrhage are modifiable factors that can improve outcome. Trials focusing on early treatment of elevated blood pressure have suggested a target systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg, but none of the trials were positive by their primary end point. Hemostatic agents to decrease bleeding in spontaneous ICH have included desmopressin, tranexamic acid, and rFVIIa (recombinant factor VIIa) without clear benefit, and platelet infusions which were associated with harm. Hemostatic agents delivered within the first several hours have the greatest impact on growth of ICH and potentially on outcome. No large Phase III surgical ICH trial has been positive by primary end point, but pooled analyses suggest that earlier ICH removal is more likely to be beneficial. Recent trials emphasize maximization of clot removal and minimizing brain injury from the surgical approach. The future of ICH therapy must focus on delivery of medical and surgical therapies as soon as possible if we are to improve outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.