ArticleGerontology2021
The Survey for Memory, Attention, and Reaction Time (SMART): Development and Validation of a Brief Web-Based Measure of Cognition for Older Adults.
Article in Gerontology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- eHealth tools to assess the neurological function for research, in absence of the neurologist - a systematic review, part I (software).Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Cognitive Training with Neurofeedback Using fNIRS Improves Cognitive Function in Older Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Development and Preliminary Validation of ORCA-PD, an Online Rapid Cognitive Assessment for Parkinson Disease: Mixed Methods Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Article
- Longitudinal online weekly reports of non-cognitive symptoms and events can differentiate incident mild cognitive impairment from stable cognitively healthy older adults.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
- Smartphone- and Tablet-Based Tools to Assess Cognition in Individuals With Preclinical Alzheimer Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Predictive value of an unsupervised web-based assessment of the neuropsychological function.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The added value of metadata on test completion time for the quantification of cognitive functioning in survey research.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2025Article
- Mapping cognitive diversity in older adults through community-based digital screening via mobile devices: a cross-sectional latent class analysis.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Unsupervised high-frequency smartphone-based cognitive assessments are reliable, valid, and feasible in older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2023Article
- A scoping review of different monitoring-technology devices in caring for older adults with cognitive impairment.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Feasibility of common, enjoyable game play for assessing daily cognitive functioning in older adults.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Validation of the Computerized Cognitive Assessment Test: NNCT.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Digital Cognitive Biomarker for Mild Cognitive Impairments and Dementia: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Memory advantage for untrustworthy faces: Replication across lab- and web-based studies.PloS one · 2022Article
- Use of in-home activity monitoring technologies in older adult veterans with mild cognitive impairment: The impact of attitudes and cognition.Gerontechnology : international journal on the fundamental aspects of technology to serve the ageing society · 2021Article
- Unsupervised mobile cognitive testing for use in preclinical Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
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10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionBrief, Web-based, and self-administered cognitive assessments hold promise for early detection of cognitive decline in individuals at risk for dementia. The current study describes the design, implementation, and convergent validity of a fWeb-based cognitive assessment tool, the Survey for Memory, Attention, and Reaction Time (SMART), for older adults.
methodsA community-dwelling sample of older adults (n = 69) was included, classified as cognitively intact (n = 44) or diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 25). Participants completed the SMART at home using their computer, tablet, or other Internet-connected device. The SMART consists of 4 face-valid cognitive tasks available in the public domain assessing visual memory, attention/processing speed, and executive functioning. Participants also completed a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests, a cognitive screener, and a daily function questionnaire. Primary SMART outcome measures consisted of subtest completion time (CT); secondary meta-metrics included outcomes indirectly assessed or calculated within the SMART (e.g., click count, total CT, time to complete practice items, and time of day the test was completed).
resultsRegarding validity, total SMART CT, which includes time to complete test items, practice items, and directions, had the strongest relationship with global cognition (β = -0.47, p < 0.01). Test item CT was significantly greater for the MCI group (F = 5.20, p = 0.026). Of the SMART tasks, the executive functioning subtests had the strongest relationship with cognitive status as compared to the attention/processing speed and visual memory subtests. The primary outcome measures demonstrated fair to excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.50-0.76).
conclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence for the use of the SMART protocol as a feasible, reliable, and valid assessment method to monitor cognitive performance in cognitively intact and MCI older adults.
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