ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2021
Metabolic adaptation characterizes short-term resistance to weight loss induced by a low-calorie diet in overweight/obese individuals.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01616082 (Effect of Caloric Restriction on Metabolic Biomarkers and Fat Oxidation in Obese Men and Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Caloric Restriction on Metabolic Biomarkers and Fat Oxidation in Obese Men and Women (Magellan II)
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose-response effects of exercise and caloric restriction on visceral adiposity in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.British journal of sports medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Adaptive Thermogenesis After Hypocaloric Low-Carbohydrate Versus Low-Fat Diets in African American Women: A Secondary Analysis.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Trial
- Glucagon-like peptide-1/glucagon receptor agonism associates with reduced metabolic adaptation and higher fat oxidation: A randomized trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Trial
- Adaptation or Maladaptation? Rethinking How Energy Restriction Outcomes Are Monitored.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Obesity-induced and weight-loss-induced physiological factors affecting weight regain.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Precision nutrition for targeting pathophysiology of cardiometabolic phenotypes.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2023Review
- Position statement on nutrition therapy for overweight and obesity: nutrition department of the Brazilian association for the study of obesity and metabolic syndrome (ABESO-2022).Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Review
- Exercise training enhances muscle mitochondrial metabolism in diet-resistant obesity.EBioMedicine · 2022Article
- Targeting skeletal muscle mitochondrial health in obesity.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2022Review
- Interindividual variability in weight loss in the treatment of obesity.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLow-calorie diet (LCD)-induced weight loss demonstrates response heterogeneity. Physiologically, a decrease in energy expenditure lower than what is predicted based on body composition (metabolic adaptation) and/or an impaired capacity to increase fat oxidation may hinder weight loss. Understanding the metabolic components that characterize weight loss success is important for optimizing weight loss strategies.
objectivesWe tested the hypothesis that overweight/obese individuals who had lower than expected weight loss in response to a 28-d LCD would be characterized by 1) impaired fat oxidation and 2) whole-body metabolic adaptation. We also characterized the molecular mechanisms associated with weight loss success/failure.
methodsThis was a retrospective comparison of participants who met their predicted weight loss targets [overweight/obese diet sensitive (ODS), n = 23, females = 21, males = 2] and those that did not [overweight/obese diet resistant (ODR), n = 14, females = 12, males = 2] after a 28-d LCD (900-1000 kcal/d). We used whole-body (energy expenditure and fat oxidation) and tissue-specific measurements (metabolic proteins in skeletal muscle, gene expression in adipose tissue, and metabolites in serum) to detect metabolic properties and biomarkers associated with weight loss success.
resultsThe ODR group had greater mean ± SD metabolic adaptation (-175 ± 149 kcal/d; +119%) than the ODS group (-80 ± 108 kcal/d) after the LCD (P = 0.030). Mean ± SD fat oxidation increased similarly for both groups from baseline (0.0701 ± 0.0206 g/min) to day 28 (0.0869 ± 0.0269 g/min; P < 0.001). A principal component analysis factor comprised of serum 3-hydroxybutyric acid, citrate, leucine/isoleucine, acetyl-carnitine, and 3-hydroxylbutyrlcarnitine was associated with weight loss success at day 28 (std. β = 0.674, R2 = 0.479, P < 0.001).
conclusionsIndividuals who achieved predicted weight loss targets after a 28-d LCD were characterized by reduced metabolic adaptation. Accumulation of metabolites associated with acetyl-CoA excess and enhanced ketogenesis was identified in the ODS group.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01616082.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.