Observational studyPloS one2021
The pulmonary mycobiome-A study of subjects with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Observational study in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of silver diamine fluoride on oral bacteriome and mycobiome: a randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2025Trial
- Interplay of Microbiome, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Health and Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Biomarkers in Invasive Pulmonary Fungal Infections: Where Do We Stand?Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Crosstalk between the microbiome and the mucosal immunoglobulin A system in the lung, in health and disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Epidemiology of microbiological findings in the lower respiratory tract in mechanically ventilated patients with and without inhalation injury.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Observational
- The airway mycobiome in chronic respiratory diseases: current advances and future frontiers.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- [Research Progress on the Regulatory Mechanism of Respiratory Microbiota in the Comorbidity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Review
- Airway Candida diversity in COPD patients and its differential stimulatory effects on lung inflammation in mice.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Pathogenic profiles and lower respiratory tract microbiota in severe pneumonia patients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing.Advanced biotechnology · 2025Article
- Lung Microbiota: From Healthy Lungs to Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Mycobiome analyses of critically ill COVID-19 patients.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Insights into human respiratory microbiome under dysbiosis and its analysis tool.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2025Review
- Affinity of Malassezia and Other Yeasts for Pulmonary Lipids.Mycopathologia · 2024Article
- Fungal lung disease.The European respiratory journal · 2024Review
- The airway mycobiome and interactions with immunity in health and chronic lung disease.Oxford open immunology · 2024Review
- Interactions between the lung microbiome and host immunity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2023Review
- FunFun: ITS-based functional annotator of fungal communities.Ecology and evolution · 2023Article
- Applying Next-Generation Sequencing and Multi-Omics in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Human Mycobiome: Colonization, Composition and the Role in Health and Disease.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe fungal part of the pulmonary microbiome (mycobiome) is understudied. We report the composition of the oral and pulmonary mycobiome in participants with COPD compared to controls in a large-scale single-centre bronchoscopy study (MicroCOPD).
methodsOral wash and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was collected from 93 participants with COPD and 100 controls. Fungal DNA was extracted before sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region of the fungal ribosomal RNA gene cluster. Taxonomic barplots were generated, and we compared taxonomic composition, Shannon index, and beta diversity between study groups, and by use of inhaled steroids.
resultsThe oral and pulmonary mycobiomes from controls and participants with COPD were dominated by Candida, and there were more Candida in oral samples compared to BAL for both study groups. Malassezia and Sarocladium were also frequently found in pulmonary samples. No consistent differences were found between study groups in terms of differential abundance/distribution. Alpha and beta diversity did not differ between study groups in pulmonary samples, but beta diversity varied with sample type. The mycobiomes did not seem to be affected by use of inhaled steroids.
conclusionOral and pulmonary samples differed in taxonomic composition and diversity, possibly indicating the existence of a pulmonary mycobiome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.