ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2021
Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultrasonographic features of gallbladder wall thickening in dogs with hypoalbuminemia.The veterinary quarterly · 2023Article
- Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin-I, and point-of-care ultrasound in dogs with cardiac and noncardiac causes of nonhemorrhagic ascites.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
- Ultrasonographic measurement of gallbladder wall thickness in fasted dogs without signs of hepatobiliary disease.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
- Intravenous Bolus Fluid Therapy Versus No Fluid Therapy Prior to Pericardiocentesis in Dogs: A Randomized Controlled Trial in 30 Dogs.Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUltrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema (GBWE) is a marker for anaphylaxis in dogs. Cardiac disease can cause GBWE with similar signs and should be included as a differential diagnosis to prevent interpretation errors. HYPOTHESIS/
objectivesDocument GBWE associated with cardiac disease. ANIMALS: Fourteen client-owned animals.
methodsProspective case series with abdominal focused assessment with abdominal sonography in trauma, triage and tracking (AFAST), and thoracic focused assessment with abdominal sonography in trauma, triage, and tracking (TFAST) performed at triage. Animals with GBWE and cardiac disease were enrolled. A board-certified radiologist reviewed images to confirm cardiac disease, GBWE, and characterize the caudal vena cava (CVC) and hepatic veins.
resultsThirteen dogs and 1 cat had GBWE associated with cardiac disease. Gallbladder findings included mural thickness ranging from 3 to 5 mm, mild to moderate sludge (n = 3), and mild to moderate luminal distension (n = 6). CVC and hepatic venous distension were found in 5/6. Cardiac diagnoses in dogs included 11 with pericardial effusion (PCE) and 1 each with dilated cardiomyopathy and right-sided myocardial failure. Severity of PCE was rated as mild (n = 1), moderate (n = 6), or severe (n = 4). Seven of 11 had pericardiocentesis performed. Nine of 13 had ascites with 4 having abdominal fluid scores of 1 (n = 2), 2 (n = 2), 3 (n = 1), and 4 (n = 0). Lung ultrasound findings were as follows: dry lung (n = 6), B-lines (n = 4), and nodules (n = 1). The cat had moderate PCE, ascites scored as 1, and severe right-sided ventricular enlargement associated with a ventricular septal defect. Primary presenting complaints included acute weakness (n = 9), acute collapse (n = 5), gastrointestinal signs (n = 3), respiratory distress (n = 2), and need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Ultrasonographically detected GBWE was associated with PCE in this small cohort of cases.
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