ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2022
Patients with Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Have an Increased Risk of Second Primary Malignancy.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risks of colorectal and extracolonic cancers following colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Pooled it
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Outcomes.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Exploring the role of marital status on survival and stage at diagnosis in early-onset colorectal cancer by race/ethnicity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prognosis and clinicopathological features of patients with early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer with second primary malignancies.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Early Onset Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Underpinnings Accelerating Occurrence.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- Article
- Sex and age-related differences in one-, three-, and five-year survival for early-onset colorectal cancer in Georgia.American journal of cancer research · 2025Article
- Focusing on colorectal cancer in young adults (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Epidemiology and biology of early onset colorectal cancer.EXCLI journal · 2022Review
- A Proposed Link Between Acute Thymic Involution and Late Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhile overall colorectal cancer (CRC) rates in the USA are declining, the incidence of early-onset CRC (eoCRC) under age 50 is increasing. The aim of this study was to examine the risk of a second primary malignancy (SPM) in individuals with eoCRC, and how this risk compares to those with late-onset CRC (loCRC).
methodsWe used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database to examine the risk of SPM after a diagnosis of eoCRC. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were used to estimate the risk of SPM after eoCRC and loCRC in comparison with the risk of malignancy in the general population.
resultsCompared to the general population, individuals with eoCRC, but not loCRC, had an increased lifetime risk of SPM (SIR 1.42, 95% CI 1.37-1.48 and SIR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99-1.02, respectively), and locations at highest risk were the small intestine, ureter, rectum, and colon. The risk of SPM after eoCRC was similar in men and women, but higher in non-whites compared to whites and higher in those with a lower area-level median household income. The risk of SPM following eoCRC was high in the first 5 years after diagnosis (SIR 2.44, 95% CI 2.24-2.66) and, in a birth cohort analysis, was found to be increasing over time.
conclusionsIndividuals with eoCRC have a lifetime risk of SPM nearly 50% higher than the general population. The risk of SPM is highest in the first 5 years after diagnosis and is increasing over time.
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