Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33825690›Full record

ArticleJMIR serious games2021

Integration of Motor Learning Principles Into Virtual Reality Interventions for Individuals With Cerebral Palsy: Systematic Review.

Marika Demers, Karen Fung, Sandeep K Subramanian, Martin Lemay, Maxime T Robert

3 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR serious games, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05299905 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Developing Immersive Gamification Technology System (ImGTS) for Rehabilitation Management of Pediatric Patients With Cerebral Palsy and With Mobility Limitations (Phase 1 Trial)

TypeinterventionalSponsorAugmented eXperience E-health LaboratoryRan2022 to 2022Enrolled30ConditionsCerebral PalsyArmsVirtual reality using Semi-CAVE, Virtual reality using the HMD
NCT05727111 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Implementation of a HABIT-ILE Intervention at Home for Individuals With Chronic Stroke: a Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversité Catholique de LouvainRan2023 to 2027Enrolled48ConditionsStrokeArmsHand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities (HABIT-ILE) implemented at the patient home, Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities (HABIT-ILE), Follow-up Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities (HABIT-ILE) at the patient's home, Usual care
NCT05740605 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Implementation of a HABIT-ILE at Home Intervention for Children With Bilateral Cerebral Palsy: a Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversité Catholique de LouvainRan2023 to 2027Enrolled48ConditionsCerebral PalsyArmsHand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities (HABIT-ILE), Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities at home, Follow-up Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities, Usual Care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Marika DemersDivision of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-1418
Karen FungCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-0757
Sandeep K SubramanianDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5972-1588
Martin LemayCentre de Réadaptation Marie Enfant, Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-050X
Maxime T RobertCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1811-6549

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIncreasing evidence supports the use of virtual reality systems to improve upper limb motor functions in individuals with cerebral palsy. While virtual reality offers the possibility to include key components to promote motor learning, it remains unclear if and how motor learning principles are incorporated into the development of rehabilitation interventions using virtual reality.

objectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the extent to which motor learning principles are integrated into virtual reality interventions targeting upper limb function in individuals with cerebral palsy.

methodsA systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The search was performed in 10 databases using a combination of keywords related to cerebral palsy, virtual reality, video games, and rehabilitation. Studies were divided into 2 categories: commercial video game platforms and devices and custom virtual reality systems. Study quality was assessed using the modified Downs and Black checklist.

resultsThe initial search yielded 1497 publications. A total of 26 studies from 30 publications were included, with most studies classified as "fair" according to the modified Downs and Black checklist. The majority of studies provided enhanced feedback and variable practice and used functionally relevant and motivating virtual tasks. The dosage varied greatly (total training time ranged from 300 to 3360 minutes), with only 6 studies reporting the number of movement repetitions per session. The difficulty progression and the assessment of skills retention and transfer were poorly incorporated, especially for the commercial video games.

conclusionsMotor learning principles should be better integrated into the development of future virtual reality systems for optimal upper limb motor recovery in individuals with cerebral palsy.

trial registrationPROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020151982; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020151982.

Indexed as

active video gamesbrain damagefeedbacklearningupper limbvirtual rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID33825690
PMCPMC8060861

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.