ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2021
Influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2: pathogenesis and host responses in the respiratory tract.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 228 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
228 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 383 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-cell RNA sequencing offers novel perspectives in viral infection research.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Host factors associated with respiratory particle emission and virus presence within respiratory particles: a systematic review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative analysis of inflight transmission of SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and SARS-CoV-1.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of concomitant administration of recombinant COVID-19 vaccine and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in Chinese adults: An open-label, randomized, controlled trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Trial
- Low-replication influenza virus mediates high pathogenicity through an inflammation-driven lung-heart-brain axis in mice.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- The roles and mechanisms of natural compounds in preventing and treating viral reproductive disorders in major economic livestock.Virulence · 2026Review
- Novel emerging reassortant H6 avian influenza viruses with internal genes from G57 genotype of H9N2 pose potential zoonotic risk.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- IRF7 Protects Against Severe Influenza A Infection Independently of TLR7 Recognition in Mice.Viruses · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant-specific ORF3a mutations destabilize lysosomal homeostasis to trigger lysosomal damage-mediated cell death.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Respiratory mucosal vaccines for emerging viruses: promise and challenges.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome with Colchicine in COVID-19: Therapeutic Evidence and Future Implications for Influenza.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Optimization of Metagenomic Library Construction for Influenza A Virus and SARS-CoV-2: Systematic Comparison of rRNA Depletion Strategies and Fragmentation Orders.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The triple-hit hypothesis: exploring pulmonary e-cigarette, PMEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Viral Infection-Inspired Autonomous Detection of Fusion-Competent Viruses for Screening and Environmental Surveillance.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Xenosialylation as immunological chimerism: a host-centered unifying model for viral and post-vaccination immune complications.European cytokine network · 2026Review
- Enhanced invasiveness promotes the dominance of a widely-distributed carbapenem-resistant virulence-plasmid-carrying Klebsiella pneumoniae sublineage.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cathepsin C Restricts Influenza A Virus Replication and Is Associated with Suppression of the PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway.Viruses · 2026Article
- Host metabolic responses to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses: parallels and contrasts.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Review
- Towards deployable CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection.Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England) · 2026Review
- Lung Microbiome Diversity, Infection Dynamics, and Microbe-Mediated Cross-Protection.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
168 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza viruses cause annual epidemics and occasional pandemics of respiratory tract infections that produce a wide spectrum of clinical disease severity in humans. The novel betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 and has since caused a pandemic. Both viral and host factors determine the extent and severity of virus-induced lung damage. The host's response to viral infection is necessary for viral clearance but may be deleterious and contribute to severe disease phenotypes. Similarly, tissue repair mechanisms are required for recovery from infection across the spectrum of disease severity; however, dysregulated repair responses may lead to chronic lung dysfunction. Understanding of the mechanisms of immunopathology and tissue repair following viral lower respiratory tract infection may broaden treatment options. In this Review, we discuss the pathogenesis, the contribution of the host response to severe clinical phenotypes and highlight early and late epithelial repair mechanisms following influenza virus infection, each of which has been well characterized. Although we are still learning about SARS-CoV-2 and its disease manifestations in humans, throughout the Review we discuss what is known about SARS-CoV-2 in the context of this broad knowledge of influenza virus, highlighting the similarities and differences between the respiratory viruses.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.