Trial reportScientific reports2021
Improves symptoms and urinary biomarkers in refractory interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome patients randomized to extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus placebo.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-energy extracorporeal shock-wave therapy with or without intravesical botulinum toxin A instillations for refractory interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: a randomized double-blind trial of clinical and biomarker outcomes.International urology and nephrology · 2026Trial
- Urinary Biomarkers in Interstitial Cystitis and Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Physiotherapeutic Management of Painful Bladder Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Effect of combining low intensity-extracorporeal shockwave therapy with platelet-rich plasma among female patients with interstitial cystitis: a prospective single-arm pilot study.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of low-intensity shockwave therapy on lower urinary tract symptoms in non-prostatic condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Arab journal of urology · 2026Review
- Revealing distinct treatment mechanisms and outcome correlations in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome after different bladder therapies through urinary biomarker analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- Intravesical injection of peripheral blood mononuclear cell for the treatment of interstitial cystitis: A preliminary report.PloS one · 2025Article
- Promising Experimental Treatment in Animal Models and Human Studies of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Mechanisms of oxidative stress in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- Cytokines in Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Review of the Literature.International urogynecology journal · 2024Review
- Matched serum- and urine-derived biomarkers of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.PloS one · 2024Article
- Early three-month report of amniotic bladder therapy in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.International urology and nephrology · 2023Article
- Urinary Oxidative Stress Biomarker Levels Might Be Useful in Identifying Functional Bladder Disorders in Women with Frequency and Urgency Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- New Frontiers of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Medicine in Urology from Bench to Clinical Studies.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Use of the Shock Wave Therapy in Basic Research and Clinical Applications-From Bench to Bedsite.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Urinary Biomarkers in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome and Its Impact on Therapeutic Outcome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Use of disease-specific biomarkers in identifying interstitial cystitis and guiding effective treatment for its different subtypes.Tzu chi medical journalReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been shown to improve symptoms in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS); however, there is a lack of objective evidence. We measured change of urinary biomarker levels in 25 patients with IC/BPS received ESWT or placebo once a week for 4 weeks. Urines were collected from participants at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks post treatment. A representative 41 inflammatory growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines in urine were measured using a MILLIPLEX immunoassay kit. Symptom bother was assessed by O'Leary-Sant symptom scores (OSS), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. The ESWT group exhibited a significant reduction in the OSS and VAS compared to the placebo group 4 weeks post-treatment (P < 0.05), and the effects were persistent at 12 weeks. The difference in urinary markers change in ESWT versus placebo was P = 0.054 for IL4, P = 0.013 for VEGF, and P = 0.039 for IL9 at 4 weeks. The change of urine biomarker was not significant in other biomarkers or all the measured proteins at 12 weeks. The current data suggest that IL4, IL9, and VEGF mediation may be involved in its pathophysiologic mechanisms and response to LESW treatment.
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