ArticleParasites & vectors2021
Interactive effects of biological, human and environmental factors on tick loads in Boran cattle in tropical drylands.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and determinants of bovine theileriosis in India: a meta-analysis and meta-regression.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Pooled it
- From qualitative prediction to quantitative insight: combined meteorological patterns and regional dynamics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Liaoning Province, China, 2010-2024.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2026Article
- First record and infestation pattern of Haemaphysalis muhsamae on wild mammals in Ghana.Medical and veterinary entomology · 2026Article
- Species diversity, distribution and habitat suitability modeling of ixodid ticks infesting cattle in selected districts of the North Wollo Zone, northeast Ethiopia.Experimental & applied acarology · 2026Article
- Seasonal population dynamics, species aggregation, and preferred attachment sites of ixodid ticks infesting cattle in northwest Ethiopia.Experimental & applied acarology · 2026Article
- Retrospective epidemiological assessment of bovine theileriosis in Gaza Province, Southern Mozambique.Open veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Pooled prevalence, species diversity, and risk factors of ixodid ticks in Ethiopian domestic animals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Review
- Combined effects of hydrological conditions and socioeconomic factors on the seasonal dynamics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China, 2011-2022: a modelling study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Distribution and Prevalence of Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface in Africa: A Systematic Review.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- A randomized controlled trial of Tickoff® (Parasite epidemiology and control · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of ZoonoticMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Prevalence, seasonal dynamics and associated variables of ixodid tick cattle infestation in Gondar, northwestern Ethiopia.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2023Article
- The Infection Rate of Bird-FeedingMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Ecological correlates of ectoparasite load in a rodent: Complex roles of seasonality.International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2022Article
- Insights into Nanopesticides for Ticks: The Superbugs of Livestock.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTick-borne diseases (TBDs) are a serious threat to humans, wildlife and livestock, and cause severe economic losses in many tropical drylands. The effective control of TBDs has been constrained by limited understanding of what determines tick loads in animals. We tested interactive effects of several biological factors (sex, age and body condition), one environmental factor (rainfall) and one human factor (management type) on tick loads in animals.
methodsWe collected ticks on animals at four sampling sites in the semi-arid savanna area of Laikipia County, Kenya, of which two are commercial ranches and the other two are open pastoral grazing areas. From 2017 to 2019, we collected a total of 2038 ticks from 619 domestic animals from various cattle and camel herds and from 79 tranquilised wild animals.
resultsGenerally, wild herbivores (zebras, rhinos and elephants) had higher tick loads than domestic animals. As 83% of the tick samples were taken from Boran cattle, we analysed tick load in these cattle in more detail. Boran cattle had high tick loads in the wet season, especially those animals in poor condition. No differences were found between female and male cattle, regardless of season. The calves had high tick loads during both the wet and dry seasons, whereas the sub-adult and adult cattle had less ticks during the dry season. Cattle on the intensively managed ranches had lower tick load than those in the transhumant management system.
conclusionThese findings highlight the importance of establishing effective control of ticks on domestic animals in transhumant management systems as tick loads were high on these animals in both the wet and dry season.
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