ArticleInternational journal of health geographics2021
The good, the bad, and the environment: developing an area-based measure of access to health-promoting and health-constraining environments in New Zealand.
Article in International journal of health geographics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Socioeconomic inequalities in exposure to neighbourhood environments for physical activity: a systematic review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Studies Describing the Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Potential Harms of Place-Based Interventions to Address Loneliness and Mental Health Problems.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Urban Foodscape in Transition: Spatiotemporal Characteristics in Healthy and Unhealthy Food Outlets and Socioeconomic Disparities in Wuhan During 2012-2022.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Unequal high streets? A spatial analysis of inequalities in health-related amenities in England from 2014-2024.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Is objectively measured exposure to built and natural environment associated with population-level cardiovascular disease mortality in Great Britain?SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Is the neighbourhood environment associated with indicators of health in children and adolescents? Developing and testing a new proof-of-concept Healthy Environments Index for Children in Taranaki, New Zealand.International journal of health geographics · 2025Article
- Using machine learning to explore the efficacy of administrative variables in prediction of subjective-wellbeing outcomes in New Zealand.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Identifying obesogenic environment through spatial clustering of body mass index among adults.International journal of health geographics · 2024Article
- Physical activity, screen time and dietary behaviours in New Zealand adolescents prior to and following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Inequalities in neighbourhood features within children's 20-minute neighbourhoods and variation in time spent locally, measured using GPS.Wellbeing, space and society · 2023Article
- Geospatial techniques for monitoring and mitigating climate change and its effects on human health.International journal of health geographics · 2023Article
- Results from Aotearoa New Zealand's 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth: A call to address inequities in health-promoting activities.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2023Article
- Development of a neighborhood obesogenic built environment characteristics index for the Netherlands.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Article
- Use of Population-Level Administrative Data in Developmental Science.Annual review of developmental psychology · 2022Article
- Gambling Outlets Location in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Madrid.Journal of gambling studies · 2022Article
- The Weight of Place: Built Environment Correlates of Obesity and Diabetes.Endocrine reviews · 2022Review
- Participatory mapping to address neighborhood level data deficiencies for food security assessment in Southeastern Virginia, USA.International journal of health geographics · 2022Article
- Comparing effects of Euclidean buffers and network buffers on associations between built environment and transport walking: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.International journal of health geographics · 2022Article
- How a 7-Week Food Literacy Cooking Program Affects Cooking Confidence and Mental Health: Findings of a Quasi-Experimental Controlled Intervention Trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAccounting for the co-occurrence of multiple environmental influences is a more accurate reflection of population exposure than considering isolated influences, aiding in understanding the complex interactions between environments, behaviour and health. This study examines how environmental 'goods' such as green spaces and environmental 'bads' such as alcohol outlets co-occur to develop a nationwide area-level healthy location index (HLI) for New Zealand.
methodsNationwide data were collected, processed, and geocoded on a comprehensive range of environmental exposures. Health-constraining 'bads' were represented by: (i) fast-food outlets, (ii) takeaway outlets, (iii) dairy outlets and convenience stores, (iv) alcohol outlets, (v) and gaming venues. Health-promoting 'goods' were represented by: (i) green spaces, (ii) blue spaces, (iii) physical activity facilities, (iv) fruit and vegetable outlets, and (v) supermarkets. The HLI was developed based on ranked access to environmental domains. The HLI was then used to investigate socio-spatial patterning by area-level deprivation and rural/urban classification.
resultsResults showed environmental 'goods' and 'bads' co-occurred together and were patterned by area-level deprivation. The novel HLI shows that the most deprived areas of New Zealand often have the most environmental 'bads' and less access to environmental 'goods'.
conclusionsThe index, that is now publicly available, is able to capture both inter-regional and local variations in accessibility to health-promoting and health-constraining environments and their combination. Results in this study further reinforce the need to embrace the multidimensional nature of neighbourhood and place not only when designing health-promoting places, but also when studying the effect of existing built environments on population health.
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