ArticlePloS one2021
Efficacy of a nanoparticle vaccine administered in-ovo against Salmonella in broilers.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Design of an oral vaccine againstThe veterinary quarterly · 2026Article
- Sources, Transmission, and Control of Salmonella in Vertically Integrated Broiler Chicken Production: Farm, Hatchery, and Processing Plant.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Identification and protective efficacy characterization of novel immunogenic antigens for Salmonella Enteritidis vaccines.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Biological treatments for zoonotic salmonellosis: an evolving therapeutic landscape.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Control of Salmonella in poultry: The role of host immunity and vaccines.Poultry science · 2025Review
- Chitosan-based formulations for therapeutic applications. A recent overview.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Revolutionizing Nanovaccines: A New Era of Immunization.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Article
- Chitosan-nanoparticle-based oral Salmonella enteritidis subunit vaccine elicits cross-protection against Salmonella typhimurium in broilers.Poultry science · 2024Article
- Advances in Poultry Vaccines: Leveraging Biotechnology for Improving Vaccine Development, Stability, and Delivery.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Current status of nano-vaccinology in veterinary medicine science.Veterinary medicine and science · 2023Review
- Chitosan: a promising natural polysaccharide feed additive in poultry production systems.Iranian journal of veterinary research · 2023Review
- Vaccinating Meat Chickens againstVaccines · 2022Review
- The control of poultry salmonellosis using organic agents: an updated overview.Poultry science · 2022Review
- Dietary Inclusion of aMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Comparative analysis of the caecal tonsil transcriptome in two chicken lines experimentally infected with Salmonella Enteritidis.PloS one · 2022Article
- Immunization of Broiler Chickens With a Killed Chitosan NanoparticleFrontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- A Novel Approach againstVaccines · 2021Review
- Nanovaccines against Animal Pathogens: The Latest Findings.Vaccines · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Salmonella is a zoonotic pathogen that persists in poultry. Salmonella vaccines that can be delivered in-ovo can be cost-effective and can decrease Salmonella load in poultry. This study evaluates the efficacy of a Salmonella chitosan-nanoparticle (CNP) vaccine, administered in-ovo, in broilers. CNP vaccine was synthesized with Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) outer-membrane-proteins (OMPs) and flagellin proteins. At embryonic-d18, one-hundred-thirty-six eggs were injected with 200μl PBS or 1000μg CNP into the amniotic cavity. At d1-of-age, 132 chicks were allocated in 6 pens/treatment with 11 chicks/pen. At d7, birds were orally challenged with 1×109 CFU/bird SE. At d1, 8h-post-challenge, d14, and d21, serum anti-SE-OMPs IgY were analyzed. At d14 and d21, cloacal swabs and bile anti-SE-OMPs IgA, CD4+/CD8+-T-cell ratios, and ceca SE loads were analyzed. At d21, cecal tonsil IL-1β, IL-10, and iNOS mRNA were analyzed. Body-weight-gain (BWG) and feed-conversion-ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly. Data were analyzed by Student's t-test at P<0.05. There were no significant differences in BWG or FCR between vaccinated birds compared to control. At d1, CNP-vaccinated birds had 5.62% greater levels (P<0.05) of anti-SE-OMPs IgY, compared to control. At 8h-post-challenge, CNP-vaccinated birds had 6.39% greater levels (P<0.05) of anti-SE-OMPs IgY, compared to control. At 2wk-post-challenge, CNP-vaccinated birds had 7.34% lower levels (P<0.05) of anti-SE-OMPs IgY, compared to control. At 1wk-post-challenge, CNP-vaccinated birds had 15.30% greater levels (P<0.05) of bile anti-SE-OMPs IgA, compared to control. At d14 and d21, CNP-vaccinated birds had 0.62 and 0.85 Log10 CFU/g, decreased SE ceca load (P<0.05), respectively, compared to control. There were no significant differences in CD4+/CD8+-T-cell ratios between vaccinated birds compared to control. There were no significant differences in IL-1β, IL-10, iNOS mRNA between vaccinated birds compared to control. Findings demonstrate that the in-ovo administration of CNP vaccine can induce an antigen-specific immune response against SE and can decrease SE cecal load in broilers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.