ArticleHepatology international2021
Clinical and economic burden of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Kuwait.
Article in Hepatology international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hepatocellular carcinoma risk, net survival and relative survival ratio in a high-income country of the Eastern Mediterranean Region: 2008-2020.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Overcoming the barriers in the screening, diagnosis, and follow-up of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease management in Saudi Arabia: A modified Delphi-based adaptation of international standards.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2026Article
- Observational
- Use of FibroScan-AST (FAST) Score and Fibrosis-4 Index to Identify Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Economic and clinical implications of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease management: Regional challenges and opportunities in Middle East and North Africa.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2025Article
- Epidemiological trends and burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in the Middle East and North Africa region: a 32-year analysis of health impact.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Global Trends and Inequalities of Liver Complications Related to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: An Analysis From 1990 to 2021.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- The socioeconomic and environmental determinants of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: understanding inequalities in prevalence and outcomes.Korean journal of family medicine · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2025Review
- Global, regional, and national burden of NAFLD in youths and young adults aged 15-39 years, 1990-2021, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2035: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- "Trust your gut": exploring the connection between gut microbiome dysbiosis and the advancement of Metabolic Associated Steatosis Liver Disease (MASLD)/Metabolic Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH): a systematic review of animal and human studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- The burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and viral hepatitis in Saudi Arabia.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2024Article
- Stigma in steatotic liver disease: A survey of patients from Saudi Arabia.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2024Article
- Treatment Patterns and Recommendations for Improving the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Saudi Arabia.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2024Article
- Estimating the cost of illness of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Bangladesh.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2023Article
- The Global, Regional, and National Burden and Trends of NAFLD in 204 Countries and Territories: An Analysis From Global Burden of Disease 2019.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Article
- Associations between neck circumference and markers of dysglycemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and dysmetabolism independent of Body Mass Index in an Emirati population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- The Troubling Link Between Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Extrahepatic Cancers (EHC).Cureus · 2021Review
- The clinical and economic burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in the Middle East: behind the scene.Hepatology international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe Middle East (ME) has a high prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), driven by obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies in Saudi Arabia (KSA) and United Arab Emirates (UAE) predict an escalating impact of NAFLD/NASH, particularly advanced fibrosis due to NASH (AF-NASH), increasing cases of cirrhosis, liver cancer and death. The scale of this burden in other ME countries is unknown with no reports of NAFLD/NASH healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) or costs. We estimated the clinical and economic burden of NAFLD/NASH in KSA, UAE and Kuwait.
methodsMarkov models populated with country-specific obesity and T2DM prevalence data estimated numbers and progression of NAFLD/NASH patients from 2018 to 2030. Model inputs, assumptions and outputs were collected from literature, national statistics, and expert consensus.
resultsOver 13 years, the KSA model estimated cases increasing as follows: patients with fibrosis F0-3 doubled to 2.5 m, compensated and decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma trebled to 212,000; liver failure or transplant patients increased four-fold to 4,086 and liver-related death escalated from < 10,000 to > 200,000. Similar trends occurred in UAE and Kuwait. Discounted lifetime costs of NASH standard-care increased totaling USD40.41 bn, 1.59 bn and 6.36 bn in KSA, UAE (Emiratis only) and Kuwait, respectively. NASH-related costs in 2019 comprised, respectively, 5.83%, 5.80% and 7.66% of national healthcare spending.
conclusionsNASH, especially AF-NASH, should be considered a higher priority in ME Public Health policy. Our analyses should inform health policy makers to mitigate the enormity of this escalating regional burden.
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