Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33821881›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2021

Correction of Low-Moderate Hyperopia Improves Accommodative Function for Some Hyperopic Children During Sustained Near Work.

Michael Ntodie, Kathryn J Saunders, Julie-Anne Little

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Causes of Reduced Vision in Australian Children.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Attention to text and pictures during storybook reading in preschool children with moderate hyperopia.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2026
    Article
  4. Impact of uncorrected hyperopia on visual function and academic performance in preschool and school-age children.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2026
    Review
  5. The QuickSee autorefractor reliably measures the accommodative response in children compared with the Shin-Nippon autorefractor.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Article
  6. Accommodative responses in children with high and low levels of astigmatism.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Retinoscopes: Past and present.World journal of methodology · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Michael NtodieOptometry and Vision Science Department, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Kathryn J SaundersCentre for Optometry and Vision Science, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom.
Julie-Anne LittleCentre for Optometry and Vision Science, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom.
University of Ulster · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated whether refractive correction improved accommodative function of hyperopic children while engaged in two sustained near activities. Methods: Sustained accommodative function of 63 participants (aged 5-10 years) with varying levels of uncorrected hyperopia (>/= +1.00 D and < + 5.00 D spherical equivalent in the least hyperopic eye) was measured using eccentric infrared photorefraction (PowerRef 3; PlusOptix, Germany). Binocular accommodation measures were recorded while participants engaged in 2 tasks at 25 cm for 15 minutes each: an "active" task (reading small print on an Amazon Kindle), and a "passive" task (watching an animated movie on liquid crystal display [LCD] screen). Participants also underwent a comprehensive visual assessment, including measurement of presenting visual acuity, prism cover test, and stereoacuity. Reading speed was assessed with and without hyperopic correction. Refractive error was determined by cycloplegic retinoscopy. Results: Hyperopic refractive correction significantly improved accuracy of accommodative responses in both task (pairwise comparisons: t = -3.70, P = 0.001, and t = -4.93, P < 0.001 for reading and movie tasks, respectively). Accommodative microfluctuations increased with refractive correction in the reading task (F(1,61) = 25.77, P < 0.001) but decreased in the movie task (F(1,59) = 4.44, P = 0.04). Reading speed also significantly increased with refractive correction (F(1,48) = 66.32, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Correcting low-moderate levels of hyperopia has a positive impact on accommodative performance during sustained near activity in some schoolchildren. For these children, prescribing hyperopic correction may benefit performance in near vision tasks.

Indexed as

Visual AcuityAccommodation, OcularChildChild, PreschoolEmmetropiaFemaleHumansHyperopiaMaleReadingRefraction, OcularRetinoscopyVision, Binocular

Identifiers

PMID33821881
PMCPMC8039472
OpenAlexW3141402720

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.