Observational studyJournal of the International AIDS Society2021
Understanding disparities in viral suppression among Black MSM living with HIV in Atlanta Georgia.
Observational study in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Workflow Modelling of HIV Status-Neutral Care Implementation in Six High-Burden Jurisdictions in the United States: A Qualitative Study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Prior-Year Substance Use Disorders and Subsequent HIV Retention in Care Among Men Living with HIV Who Have Sex with Men.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Cannabis Effects on Neurocognition and HIV-Related Outcomes: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Examining a multicomponent health promotion intervention among Black same gender loving men in southern ending the HIV epidemic in the U.S. jurisdictions: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Age and Race Disparities in Viral Suppression and the Moderating Effect of Substance Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2026Article
- Brothers Building Brothers by Breaking Barriers: Protocol for a Pilot Trial of a Telehealth Social Capital Intervention for Young Black Sexual Minority Men Living With HIV.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- COMBINE EBIs: A novel COllaborative Method for Building INterventions from Existing Evidence-Based Interventions.Annals of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Untangling Discrimination: The Impact of Internalizing Oppression on HIV Treatment Engagement Among Young Black Sexual Minority Men in the Southern US.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- COVID-19 and the Syndemic of Intimate Partner Violence, Mental Health, Substance Use, and HIV Care Engagement Among Black Sexual Minority Men Living with HIV in the US South.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Racial disparities in cancer risk among MSM with HIV in the United States.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Preventing Premature Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Discontinuation and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (Project PEACH): Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Manifestations and Lived Experiences of Structural Racism for Racial and Ethnic Minority Communities Affected by HIV Across the United States.Health equity · 2025Article
- Conceptualizations of Mental Health Among Young Black Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men (YB-GBMSM) Who Have Sex With Men Who Are Living With HIV.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2024Article
- Structural Racism Conceptualization and Operationalization for Research for the U.S. HIV Epidemic: Findings from a Scoping Review and Implications for Advancing Research for Structural Interventions.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Article
- I Can't Afford it Right Now, So it Doesn't Matter" Structural Drivers of Viral Suppression Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Longitudinal Qualitative Approach.Research square · 2024Article
- Spatial and temporal analysis of HIV clinical outcomes in Florida reveals counties with persistent racial and ethnic disparities during 2012-2019.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Racial Differences in Social Determinants of Health and Outcomes Among Hispanic/Latino Persons with HIV-United States, 2015-2020.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- A Qualitative Study of Black and Latine HIV Care Consumers' Perceptions of Providers' Behaviors, Medical Mistrust, and Experiences of Discrimination.Journal of health care for the poor and underserved · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDue to factors associated with structural racism, Black men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV are less likely to be virally suppressed compared to white MSM. Most of these data come from clinical cohorts and modifiable reasons for these racial disparities need to be defined in order to intervene on these inequities. Therefore, we examined factors associated with racial disparities in baseline viral suppression in a community-based cohort of Black and white MSM living with HIV in Atlanta, GA.
methodsWe conducted an observational cohort of Black and white MSM living with HIV infection in Atlanta. Enrolment occurred from June 2016 to June 2017 and men were followed for 24 months; laboratory and behavioural survey data were collected at 12 and 24 months after enrolment. Explanatory factors for racial disparities in viral suppression included sociodemographics and psychosocial variables. Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) for Black/white differences in viral suppression. Factors that diminished the PR for race by ≥5% were considered to meaningfully attenuate the racial disparity and were included in a multivariable model.
resultsOverall, 26% (104/398) of participants were not virally suppressed at baseline. Lack of viral suppression was significantly more prevalent among Black MSM (33%; 69/206) than white MSM (19%; 36/192) (crude Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1 to 2.5). The age-adjusted Black/white PR was diminished by controlling for: ART coverage (12% decrease), housing stability (7%), higher income (6%) and marijuana use (6%). In a multivariable model, these factors cumulatively mitigated the PR for race by 21% (adjusted PR = 1.1 [95% CI: 0.8 to 1.6]).
conclusionsRelative to white MSM, Black MSM living with HIV in Atlanta were less likely to be virally suppressed. This disparity was explained by several factors, many of which should be targeted for structural, policy and individual-level interventions to reduce racial disparities.
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