ReviewHealth policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2021
COVID-19 vaccine challenges: What have we learned so far and what remains to be done?
Review in Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 312 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does COVID-19 vaccination affect risk perception and adherence to preventive behaviors? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination Programs on the Reduction of COVID-19 Cases: A Systematic Literature Review.Annals of global health · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Among the General Population in Africa During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of polyherbal formulations for prevention of COVID-19 infection in high-risk subjects: A randomized open-label controlled clinical trial.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2022Trial
- Microbial cell-free protein synthesis and its progression toward industrial use.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- Population-level behavioral and structural drivers of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the US.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Beyond Good and Bad: Rethinking Solidarity and Coercion in Public Health.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2026Article
- 'I Think From the Beginning, the Ambitions Were Compromised': A Case Study of COVAX as Vaccine Equity Policy Operationalisation.The International journal of health planning and management · 2026Article
- A qualitative exploration of deterrents to COVID-19 vaccination uptake among adults in post-war Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Strategies for introducing and implementing vaccines for adults into national immunization programs in Europe: Good practices and key insights of the adult immunization board meeting.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Effect of retirement on COVID-19 vaccination in Europe: a quasi-experimental study.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Immunisation health workforce capacity building in Southeast Asia: reflections from training programme implementation in Cambodia and Lao PDR.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Immunotherapeutic Approach for Improving the Efficacy of a Novel Subunit Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 by Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTL) Epitopes.Scientifica · 2025Article
- Assessing COVID-19 Pandemic-Era Vaccine Uptake and Adherence to Prevention Measures: A Comparative Analysis Among Men and Women Using Lot Quality Assurance Sampling in Central Uganda.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- Current State and Challenges of Local Production of Vaccines in Nigeria.Public health challenges · 2024Article
- Diverse roles of Primary Health Care in COVID-19 vaccination across 28 European countries - Insights from the Eurodata study.The European journal of general practice · 2024Article
- Cognitive flexibility predicts attitudes towards vaccination: evidence from a New Zealand sample.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Optimization Modeling for Pandemic Vaccine Supply Chain Management: A Review and Future Research Opportunities.Naval research logistics · 2024Article
- IFN Lambda Deficiency Contributes to Severe COVID-19 Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Developing and distributing a safe and effective SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccine has garnered immense global interest. Less than a year after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, several vaccine candidates had received emergency use authorization across a range of countries. Despite this scientific breakthrough, the journey from vaccine discovery to global herd immunity against COVID-19 continues to present significant policy challenges that require a collaborative, global response. We offer a framework for understanding remaining and new policy challenges for successful global vaccine campaigns against COVID-19 as well as potential solutions to address them. Decision-makers must be aware of these challenges and strategize solutions that can be implemented at scale. These include challenges around maintaining R&D incentives, running clinical trials, authorizations, post-market surveillance, manufacturing and supply, global dissemination, allocation, uptake, and clinical system adaption. Alongside these challenges, financial and ethical concerns must also be addressed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.