ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021
Cytokine measurements add value to clinical variables in predicting outcomes for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Female Sex and Mortality in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Investigation of minocycline and hyaluronic acid combined with ultrasound therapy in aMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025Article
- Cytokine-Based Insights into Bloodstream Infections and Bacterial Gram Typing in ICU COVID-19 Patients.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Early cytokine signatures and clinical phenotypes discriminate persistent from resolving MRSA bacteremia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Circulating inflammatory cytokines and the risk of sepsis: a bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- The Utility of Risk Factors to Define Complicated Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in a Setting With Low Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Prevalence.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Endothelial ADAM10 utilization defines a molecular pathway of vascular injury in mice with bacterial sepsis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- A protein-free vaccine stimulates innate immunity and protects against nosocomial pathogens.Science translational medicine · 2023Article
- Prognostic significance of early platelet dynamics in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe demonstrated that an early dysregulated cytokine response [high interleukin-10 to tissue necrosis factor (IL-10/TNF) ratio] predicted poor outcomes in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). However, high interpatient variability in cytokine levels were observed. We grouped cytokine measurements in quartiles and assessed their additive value to clinical variables for predicting bacterial persistence and 30-day mortality in patients with SAB.
methodsA multicenter observational study was conducted in hospitalized patients with SAB. Medical charts were reviewed for relevant information. Blood samples were obtained for cytokine measurements by ELISA: interferon-gamma (IFNγ), interleukin (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17) and tissue necrosis factor (TNF). Cytokine measurements were grouped into quartiles. Significant predictors for bacterial persistence and 30-day mortality were determined by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis was performed and predictive performance was compared between models with and without cytokine quartiles.
resultsAmong 606 patients with SAB, a subset of patients (n = 239) had Day 1 cytokine measurements and clinical data collected; of those, 53 (22%) had persistent bacteremia. Accounting for septic shock, the addition of either IL-10 (AUC 0.708) or TNF (AUC 0.714) quartiles measured on Day 1 improved model performance for predicting bacterial persistence. All patients had Day 4 cytokine measurements; 52 patients (8.5%) died within 30-days of SAB onset. Inclusion of either IL-10 (AUC 0.873) or TNF (AUC 0.879) quartiles, but not both, measured on Day 4 to the significant clinical predictors (coronary artery disease, Pitt bacteremia score ≥ 4, and septic shock) improved model performance for mortality.
conclusionsIL-10 or TNF levels falling within the range in the upper quartiles, when combined with clinical variables, improved model performance for predicting outcomes, and may potentially be used to support aggressive management and biomarker-guided studies to evaluate the benefit of adjunctive immunotherapy for SAB in the future.
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