ArticlePloS one2021
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with clinically diagnosed bacterial co-infection: A multi-center study.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical characteristics and predictive models for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 combined with bacterial pneumonia.PloS one · 2025Article
- The interplay of tuberculosis and COVID-19: Insights into global health challenges.Journal of biosciences · 2025Review
- Outbreak of colistin and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST16 co-producing NDM-1 and OXA-48 isolates in an Iranian hospital.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- The significance of monitoring respiratory sample cultures and polymerase chain reaction tests for detecting bacterial pathogens in severely and critically ill patients with COVID-19.African journal of thoracic and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Are C-reactive protein and procalcitonin safe and useful for antimicrobial stewardship purposes in patients with COVID-19? A scoping review.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- Extended-spectrum β-lactamase- producing gram-negative bacterial infections in severely ill COVID-19 patients admitted in a national referral hospital, Kenya.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus respiratory tract superinfections among patients with COVID-19 at a tertiary-care hospital in Tehran, Iran.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Prevalence of early bacterial co-infection in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- Repurposing Polyether Ionophores as a New-Class of Anti-SARS-Cov-2 Agents as Adjunct Therapy.Current microbiology · 2023Review
- Role of the SARS‑COV2 infection in the evolution of acute pancreatitis (Review).Biomedical reports · 2023Review
- Antibiotic Prescription in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Analysis of National Health Insurance System Data in the Republic of Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Article
- Procalcitonin Values Fail to Track the Presence of Secondary Bacterial Infections in COVID-19 ICU Patients.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- COVID-19: A state of art on immunological responses, mutations, and treatment modalities in riposte.Journal of infection and public health · 2023Review
- Microbial and Immune Regulation of the Gut-Lung Axis during Viral-Bacterial Coinfection.Journal of bacteriology · 2023Review
- Review
- Epidemiological Characteristics and Outcomes Predictors for Intensive Care Unit COVID-19 Patients in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Retrospective Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Use of nares swab to de-escalate vancomycin for patients with suspected methicillin-resistantAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023Article
- Bacterial profiles and their antibiotic resistance background in superinfections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria among COVID-19 ICU patients from southwest Iran.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- The impact of COVID-19 on routine vaccinations in Taiwan and an unexpected surge of pneumococcal vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Bacterial coinfection and antimicrobial use among patients with COVID-19 infection in a referral center in the Philippines: A retrospective cohort study.IJID regions · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo understand the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with clinically diagnosed bacterial co-infection (CDBC), and therefore contributing to their early identification and prognosis estimation.
method905 COVID-19 patients from 7 different centers were enrolled. The demography data, clinical manifestations, laboratory results, and treatments were collected accordingly for further analyses.
resultsAround 9.5% of the enrolled COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with CDBC. Older patients or patients with cardiovascular comorbidities have increased CDBC probability. Increased body temperature, longer fever duration, anhelation, gastrointestinal symptoms, illness severity, intensive care unit attending, ventilation treatment, glucocorticoid therapy, longer hospitalization time are correlated to CDBC. Among laboratory results, increased white blood cell counting (mainly neutrophil), lymphocytopenia, increased procalcitonin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reaction protein, D-dimer, blood urea nitrogen, lactate dehydrogenase, brain natriuretic peptide, myoglobin, blood sugar and decreased albumin are also observed, indicating multiple system functional damage. Radiology results suggested ground glass opacity mixed with high density effusion opacities and even pleural effusion.
conclusionThe aged COVID-19 patients with increased inflammatory indicators, worse lymphopenia and cardiovascular comorbidities are more likely to have clinically diagnosed bacterial co-infection. Moreover, they tend to have severer clinical manifestations and increased probability of multiple system functional damage.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.