ReviewAmino acids2021
Collagen metabolism as a regulator of proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase-dependent apoptosis/autophagy.
Review in Amino acids, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- MIC13-linked cristae disruption causes metabolic failure and early fibrotic remodelling in mitochondrial liver disease.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Proteomic insights into collagen remodeling of the calipash in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Food chemistry. Molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The secreted protease ADAMTS18 is a novel activator of latent TGF-β to exacerbate renal fibrosis.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Three Black Cherry Tomato Varieties Grown Under Greenhouse Conditions.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The roles of arginases and arginine in immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- The facilitated osteogenic differentiation by extracellular proline treatment in in vitro cell cultivation using MC3T3E1 and hPDLF.Genes & genomics · 2025Article
- Tumor-ColonizingBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Article
- Polyamines: the pivotal amines in influencing the tumor microenvironment.Discover oncology · 2024Review
- Machine learning-based identification of novel hub genes associated with oxidative stress in lupus nephritis: implications for diagnosis and therapeutic targets.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Article
- Fibrosis: Types, Effects, Markers, Mechanisms for Disease Progression, and Its Relation with Oxidative Stress, Immunity, and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Metabolites Analysis in Endometriosis Patients: A Prospective Observational Translational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker.ACS omega · 2022Article
- The Metabolomic Approach Reveals the Alteration in Human Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Composition in Parkinson's Disease Patients.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Mitochondrial Tumor Suppressors-The Energetic Enemies of Tumor Progression.Cancer research · 2021Review
- PRODH/POX-Dependent Celecoxib-Induced Apoptosis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Free Amino Acid Alterations in Patients with Gynecological and Breast Cancer: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent studies on the regulatory role of amino acids in cell metabolism have focused on the functional significance of proline degradation. The process is catalysed by proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX), a mitochondrial flavin-dependent enzyme converting proline into ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C). During this process, electrons are transferred to electron transport chain producing ATP for survival or they directly reduce oxygen, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducing apoptosis/autophagy. However, the mechanism for switching survival/apoptosis mode is unknown. Although PRODH/POX activity and energetic metabolism were suggested as an underlying mechanism for the survival/apoptosis switch, proline availability for this enzyme is also important. Proline availability is regulated by prolidase (proline supporting enzyme), collagen biosynthesis (proline utilizing process) and proline synthesis from glutamine, glutamate, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and ornithine. Proline availability is dependent on the rate of glycolysis, TCA and urea cycles, proline metabolism, collagen biosynthesis and its degradation. It is well established that proline synthesis enzymes, P5C synthetase and P5C reductase as well as collagen prolyl hydroxylases are up-regulated in most of cancer types and control rates of collagen biosynthesis. Up-regulation of collagen prolyl hydroxylase and its exhaustion of ascorbate and α-KG may compete with DNA and histone demethylases (that require the same cofactors) to influence metabolic epigenetics. This knowledge led us to hypothesize that up-regulation of prolidase and PRODH/POX with inhibition of collagen biosynthesis may represent potential pharmacotherapeutic approach to induce apoptosis or autophagic death in cancer cells. These aspects of proline metabolism are discussed in the review as an approach to understand complex regulatory mechanisms driving PRODH/POX-dependent apoptosis/survival.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.