ArticleEClinicalMedicine2021
SARS-CoV-2 prevalence associated to low socioeconomic status and overcrowding in an LMIC megacity: A population-based seroepidemiological survey in Lima, Peru.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 seroassay sensitivity: a systematic review and modelling study.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Pooled it
- Assessing the burden of COVID-19 in developing countries: systematic review, meta-analysis and public policy implications.BMJ global health · 2022Pooled it
- Excess all-cause deaths stratified by sex and age in Peru: a time series analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- High seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 infection in South America, but still not enough for herd immunity!International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence of Surinamese Children and Determinants of Seropositivity in the CCREOH/MeKiTamara Cohort.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Food security in rural South Africa: The role of household head demographics, crowding, and wealth.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Household crowding and mortality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among adults: Findings from longitudinal population surveillance data in rural and peri-urban settings in Limpopo, South Africa.Population health metrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Evidence of rapid rise in population immunity from SARS-CoV-2 subclinical infections through pre-vaccination serial serosurveys in Pakistan.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Risk of New Chronic Conditions: Insights from a Longitudinal Population-Based Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on unmet needs for healthcare in Peru: an interrupted time series analysis.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Social epidemiology of urban COVID-19 inequalities in Latin America and Canada.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Kosovo-Wide Population-Based Seroepidemiological Study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Article
- Differences in SARS-COV-2 seroprevalence in the population of Cusco, Peru.Global epidemiology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence on the north coast of Peru: A cross-sectional study after the first wave.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Observational
- Article
- COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean: Two years of the pandemic.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- Performance of SARS-CoV-2 Antigens in a Multiplex Bead Assay for Integrated Serological Surveillance of Neglected Tropical and Other Diseases.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
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10 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWorldwide, Peru has one of the highest infection fatality rates of COVID-19, and its capital city, Lima, accumulates roughly 50% of diagnosed cases. Despite surveillance efforts to assess the extent of the pandemic, reported cases and deaths only capture a fraction of its impact due to COVID-19's broad clinical spectrum. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Lima, stratified by age, sex, region, socioeconomic status (SES), overcrowding, and symptoms.
methodsWe conducted a multi-stage, population-based serosurvey in Lima, between June 28th and July 9th, 2020, after 115 days of the index case and after the first peak cases. We collected whole blood samples by finger-prick and applied a structured questionnaire. A point-of-care rapid serological test assessed IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Seroprevalence estimates were adjusted by sampling weights and test performance. Additionally, we performed RT-PCR molecular assays to seronegatives and estimated the infection prevalence.
findingsWe enrolled 3212 participants from 797 households and 241 sample clusters from Lima in the analysis. The SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 20·8% (95%CI 17·2-23·5), and the prevalence was 25·2% (95%CI 22·5-28·2). Seroprevalence was equally distributed by sex (aPR=0·96 [95%CI 0·85-1·09,
interpretationThis first estimate of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Lima shows an intense transmission scenario, despite the government's numerous interventions early established. Susceptibles across age groups show that physical distancing interventions must not be relaxed. SES and overcrowding households are associated with seroprevalence. This study highlights the importance of considering the existing social inequalities for implementing the response to control transmission in low- and middle-income countries.
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