ArticleACS omega2021
Metastable Nanobubbles.
Article in ACS omega, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Toward understanding apoplastic freezing under negative pressure.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- Article
- Ultrasound Activated Nanobowls with Deep Penetration for Enhancing Sonodynamic Therapy of Orthotopic Liver Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Interaction and Stability of Nanobubbles and Prenucleation Calcium Clusters during Ultrasonic Treatment of Hard Water.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Lipid-Coated Nanobubbles in Plants.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Utilizing polymer-conjugate albumin-based ultrafine gas bubbles in combination with ultra-high frequency radiations in drug transportation and delivery.RSC advances · 2021Article
- Dynamic Surface Tension Enhances the Stability of Nanobubbles in Xylem Sap.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Water containing suspended nanobubbles is utilized in various applications. The observed lifetime of suspended nanobubbles is several weeks, whereas, according to the classical theory of bubble stability, a nanosized bubble should dissolve within microseconds. Explanations for the longevity of nanosized bubbles have been proposed but none of them has gained general acceptance. In this study, we derive an explanation for the existence of metastable nanobubbles solely from the thermodynamic principles. According to our analysis, the dissolution of nanosized aqueous bulk bubbles is nonspontaneous below 180 nm diameter due to the energy requirement of gas dissolution. Hydrophobic surfaces have a further stabilizing effect, and the dissolution becomes nonspontaneous in surface nanobubbles having a diameter below 600 nm.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.