SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2021
Efficacy of Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Monotherapy or Combinational Therapy in Patients Aged 75 Years or Older: A Study-Level Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of gynecologic cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Guideline
- The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in elderly patients: a meta-analysis and meta-regression.ESMO open · 2022Pooled it
- Anlotinib plus toripalimab as a first-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer and performance status 2: the phase II APICAL-GC trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Multifunctional Role of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation in Cancer Immunotherapy and Aging.Cancer science · 2026Review
- Aging is associated with the outcomes of immune checkpoint blockade in renal cell carcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy for Elderly Patients with Locally Advanced Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Immunosenescence shapes the tumor immune microenvironment and limits PD-1/PD-L1 blockade efficacy in older patients with cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Anti-PD-L2 immunotherapy is efficacious against melanoma in aged hosts through IL-17 and IFNγ signalling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence: signaling pathways, diseases and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors monotherapy vs. combination therapy in elderly advanced NSCLC: a real-world study and nomogram for survival prognosis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Soluble CD27 differentially predicts resistance to anti-PD1 alone but not with anti-CTLA-4 in melanoma.EMBO molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence promotes cancer development: from mechanisms to treatment strategies.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Oncolytic virus therapy in the elderly: immune frailty, challenges, and perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- NK cell transfer overcomes resistance to PD-(L)1 therapy in aged mice.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024Article
- Strategies for engineering oncolytic viruses to enhance cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Considerations and Approaches for Cancer Immunotherapy in the Aging Host.Cancer immunology research · 2023Review
- Considerations and Challenges in the Management of the Older Patients with Gastric Cancer.Cancers · 2022Review
- Immune checkpoint expression and relationships to anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade cancer immunotherapy efficacy in aged versus young mice.Aging and cancer · 2022Article
- Efficacy and toxicity of Ipilimumab-Nivolumab combination therapy in elderly metastatic melanoma patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent trials have shown a promising anti-tumor activity for advanced cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors; however, little is known on the use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in adults over 75 years of age. Here, we performed a study-level meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents between elderly (≥ 75 years) and non-elderly (< 75 years) patients. In the present study, we systematically reviewed phase 2/3 trials of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors of advanced solid tumors that reported treatment effect (hazard ratio [HR]) in patients based on age (≥ 75 years vs. < 75 years) and set anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy or combinational therapy as experimental arm. The HRs of OS and progression-free survival (PFS) are based on random-effect models. Overall, a total of eight qualifying trials comprising 5,393 subjects were included for meta-analysis, and 472 patients (8.8%) were aged 75 years or older. The overall estimated HR for OS was 0.70 (0.62-0.79) in patients < 75 years vs. 0.94 (0.67-1.30) in patients ≥ 75 years. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents improved OS of melanoma patients in both elderly (HR 0.25 [0.10-0.60]) and non-elderly (HR 0.49 [0.33-0.71]) group. The OS difference in the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors between elderly and non-elderly patients was significant (P = 0.043 for interaction). The overall estimated HR for PFS was 0.77 (0.60-1.00) in patients < 75 years vs. 0.97 (0.60-1.58) in patients ≥ 75 years. Therefore, with the exception of melanoma, elderly patients (≥ 75 years) could not benefit from the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents in survival, and toxicity profile of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs should be explored in this population.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.