ReviewInternational journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology2021
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a review of mechanistic studies.
Review in International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis with Predominant Psychiatric Symptomatology and Diagnostic Dilemmas: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Efgartigimod as a salvage therapy for anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients after first-line treatment failure: a case series.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- The Role of Peripheral N-Methyl-D-Asparate (NMDA) Receptors in Itch and Pain: A Narrative Review.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Review
- Synapse vulnerability and resilience across the clinical spectrum of dementias.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Immunoregulatory programs in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis identified by single-cell multi-omics analysis.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Anti-ACG case reports journal · 2024Article
- Paraneoplastic NMDA encephalitis, a case report and an extensive review of available literature.Radiology case reports · 2024Article
- The role of NMDARs in the anesthetic and antidepressant effects of ketamine.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- A narrative review of identifying the culprit antibody in neuroimmune diseases: concept and clinical significance.Annals of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Targeting NMDA Receptors at the Neurovascular Unit: Past and Future Treatments for Central Nervous System Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- A Preliminary Study of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Depression Following West Nile Virus Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell type-specific immune regulation associated with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in humans.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Roles of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDARs) in Epilepsy.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are ion channels gated by glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Anti-NMDA receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against the NMDAR GluN1 subunit. Here we briefly review current advances in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. The autoantibodies bind to and cross-link the endogenous NMDARs, disrupt the interaction of NMDARs with receptor tyrosine kinase EphB2 leading to internalization and reduced function of NMDARs. Hypofunction of the NMDARs results in impairment in long-term potentiation and deficit in learning and memory, leads to development of depression-like behavior, and lowers the threshold for seizures. Recent development of active immunization models of anti-NMDAR encephalitis provides insight into the inflammation process and paves the way for further studies that may lead to better treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33815666PMC8012859W3149939938What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.