ReviewExperimental and therapeutic medicine2021
Understanding the genetics and neurobiological pathways behind addiction (Review).
Review in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ecological momentary assessment in internet gaming disorder - Interactions between stress, negative emotions, craving and gaming behavior.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2026Article
- The evolving epidemiology of opioid use disorder: polysubstance use, drug supply transformation, and policy implications.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Transcription factors implicated in substance use disorder, from immediate early genes to altered gene expression.Brain research · 2026Review
- Review
- The effect of intracerebroventricular injection of insulin-like growth factor-1 on morphine-induced conditioned place preference extinction and reinstatement; a behavioral and biochemical experimental study.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2025Article
- Examining the Link Between Problematic Smartphone Use and Substance Use Disorders Among College Students: Association Patterns Using Network Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Impaired Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to Chronic Pain in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Exploring Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Internet Fraud among Patients Admitted for Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders in Selected Hospitals of Southwestern Nigeria: Prevalence, Predictors, and Implications.Addiction & health · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics associated with problematic pornography use among individuals seeking treatment for opioid use disorder.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2024Article
- Gene Variant Frequencies ofGenes · 2024Article
- Risk and Resilience Variants in the Retinoic Acid Metabolic and Developmental Pathways Associated with Risk of FASD Outcomes.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- A genome-wide association, polygenic risk score and sex study on opioid use disorder treatment outcomes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- EYERUBBICS: The Eye Rubbing Cycle Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Genetics of cannabis use in opioid use disorder: A genome-wide association and polygenic risk score study.PloS one · 2023Article
- The pleiotropic contribution of genes in dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways to addiction and related behavioral traits.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Sex-Dependent Alterations in the mRNA Expression of Enzymes Involved in Dopamine Synthesis and Breakdown After Methamphetamine Self-Administration.Neurotoxicity research · 2022Article
- FOXN3 and GDNF Polymorphisms as Common Genetic Factors of Substance Use and Addictive Behaviors.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Neuroplasticity and Multilevel System of Connections Determine the Integrative Role of Nucleus Accumbens in the Brain Reward System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Sexual dysfunction and drug use in women: A reciprocal etiologic relationshipRevista colombiana de obstetricia y ginecologia · 2021Article
- Integrating the Roles of Midbrain Dopamine Circuits in Behavior and Neuropsychiatric Disease.Biomedicines · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hypothesis issued by modern medicine states that many diseases known to humans are genetically determined, influenced or not by environmental factors, which is applicable to most psychiatric disorders as well. This article focuses on two pending questions regarding addiction: Why do some individuals become addicted while others do not? along with Is it a learned behavior or is it genetically predefined? Recent data suggest that addiction is more than repeated exposure, it is the synchronicity between intrinsic factors (genotype, sex, age, preexisting addictive disorder, or other mental illness), extrinsic factors (childhood, level of education, socioeconomic status, social support, entourage, drug availability) and the nature of the addictive agent (pharmacokinetics, path of administration, psychoactive properties). The dopamine-mesolimbic motivation-reward-reinforcement cycle remains the most coherent physiological theory in addiction. While the common property of addictive substances is that they are dopamine-agonists, each class has individual mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and psychoactive potentials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.