ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Biopharmaceutics of Topical Ophthalmic Suspensions: Importance of Viscosity and Particle Size in Ocular Absorption of Indomethacin.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of imaging technologies to support complex generic drug development.Biophotonics discovery · 2026Review
- Solvent‑Free Bioerodible Ophthalmic Inserts for Mangiferin Delivery: Physicochemical Characterization and In Vivo Evaluation.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- A comparative study of some NSAIDs with natural products: integrating in vitro anticancer efficacy, in vivo antiulcerative effect, histochemistry, and in silico analysis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Oil-in-water nanoemulsions for glaucoma treatment: An insight into the latest trends.BioImpacts : BI · 2025Review
- Localization of fluorescent gold nanoparticles throughout the eye after topical administration.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- The effect of particle size on drug bioavailability in various parts of the body.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2024Review
- Enhancement of therapeutic efficacy of Brinzolamide for Glaucoma by nanocrystallization and tyloxapol addition.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2024Article
- Mathematical Models of Ocular Drug Delivery.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Review
- Clinical Ocular Exposure Extrapolation for a Complex Ophthalmic Suspension Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Development of a Resveratrol Nanoformulation for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Drug delivery methods based on nanotechnology for the treatment of eye diseases.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Review
- Nanotechnology-based ocular drug delivery systems: recent advances and future prospects.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Ocular immunosuppressive microenvironment and novel drug delivery for control of uveitis.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Binary Polymeric Surfactant Mixtures for the Development of Novel Loteprednol Etabonate Nanomicellar Eyedrops.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pentapeptide modified ethosomes for enhanced skin retention and topical efficacy activity of indomethacin.Drug delivery · 2022Article
- Optimization of Lipid Nanoparticles by Response Surface Methodology to Improve the Ocular Delivery of Diosmin: Characterization and In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Assessment.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Ocular Drug Delivery: Advancements and Innovations.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Fluorescent Nanosystems for Drug Tracking and Theranostics: Recent Applications in the Ocular Field.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Drug Nanocrystals: Focus on Brain Delivery from Therapeutic to Diagnostic Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Eye drops of poorly soluble drugs are frequently formulated as suspensions. Bioavailability of suspended drug depends on the retention and dissolution of drug particles in the tear fluid, but these factors are still poorly understood. We investigated seven ocular indomethacin suspensions (experimental suspensions with two particle sizes and three viscosities, one commercial suspension) in physical and biological tests. The median particle size (d
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.