ReviewViruses2021
B-Cell Memory Responses to Variant Viral Antigens.
Review in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of Vaccine Breakthrough Infections by SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Mechanisms Underlying the Induction of Immunological Imprinting by RNA Viruses and Intervention Strategies.Viruses · 2026Review
- Article
- [Value of monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in evaluating the severity and prognosis of pediatric viral encephalitis].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- The NFκB signaling system in the generation of B-cell subsets: from germinal center B cells to memory B cells and plasma cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Adaptive Immunity to Viruses: What Did We Learn from SARS-CoV-2 Infection?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- COVID-19 vaccination elicits an evolving, cross-reactive antibody response to epitopes conserved with endemic coronavirus spike proteins.Cell reports · 2022Article
- COVID-19 vaccination recruits and matures cross-reactive antibodies to conserved epitopes in endemic coronavirus Spike proteins.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2022Article
- The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios are independently associated with clinical outcomes of viral encephalitis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Article
- Advances in understanding the formation and fate of B-cell memory in response to immunization or infection.Oxford open immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A central feature of vertebrate immune systems is the ability to form antigen-specific immune memory in response to microbial challenge and so provide protection against future infection. In conflict with this process is the ability that many viruses have to mutate their antigens to escape infection- or vaccine-induced antibody memory responses. Mutable viruses such as dengue virus, influenza virus and of course coronavirus have a major global health impact, exacerbated by this ability to evade immune responses through mutation. There have been several outstanding recent studies on B-cell memory that also shed light on the potential and limitations of antibody memory to protect against viral antigen variation, and so promise to inform new strategies for vaccine design. For the purposes of this review, the current understanding of the different memory B-cell (MBC) populations, and their potential to recognize mutant antigens, will be described prior to some examples from antibody responses against the highly mutable RNA based flaviviruses, influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.