Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33809665›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Role of Hybrid Deep Neural Networks (HDNNs), Computed Tomography, and Chest X-rays for the Detection of COVID-19.

Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Aksam Iftikhar, Sana Yasin, Umar Draz, Tariq Ali, Shafiq Hussain, Sarah Bukhari, Abdullah Saeed Alwadie, Saifur Rahman, Adam Glowacz and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
12.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. DECNet: Left Atrial Pulmonary Vein Class Imbalance Classification Network.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2025
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  6. Fitness dependent optimizer with neural networks for COVID-19 patients.Computer methods and programs in biomedicine update · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.

Muhammad IrfanElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-4161-6875
Muhammad Aksam IftikharDepartment of Computer Science, Lahore Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Sana YasinDepartment of Computer Science, University of OKara, Okara 56130, Pakistan.
Umar DrazDepartment of Computer Science, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0001-9576-5249
Tariq AliComputer Science Department, Sahiwal Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-2445-0519
Shafiq HussainDepartment of Computer Science, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan.
Sarah BukhariDepartment of Computer Science, National Fertilizer Corporation Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan.
Abdullah Saeed AlwadieElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-0929-8221
Saifur RahmanElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-7262-183X
Adam GlowaczDepartment of Automatic Control and Robotics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0546-7083
Faisal AlthobianiFaculty of Maritime Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia.
Najran University · SACOMSATS University Islamabad · PKUniversity of SahiwalAGH University of Krakow · PLFauji Fertilizer (Pakistan) · PKKing Abdulaziz University · SAUniversity of Okara · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

COVID-19 syndrome has extensively escalated worldwide with the induction of the year 2020 and has resulted in the illness of millions of people. COVID-19 patients bear an elevated risk once the symptoms deteriorate. Hence, early recognition of diseased patients can facilitate early intervention and avoid disease succession. This article intends to develop a hybrid deep neural networks (HDNNs), using computed tomography (CT) and X-ray imaging, to predict the risk of the onset of disease in patients suffering from COVID-19. To be precise, the subjects were classified into 3 categories namely normal, Pneumonia, and COVID-19. Initially, the CT and chest X-ray images, denoted as 'hybrid images' (with resolution 1080 × 1080) were collected from different sources, including GitHub, COVID-19 radiography database, Kaggle, COVID-19 image data collection, and Actual Med COVID-19 Chest X-ray Dataset, which are open source and publicly available data repositories. The 80% hybrid images were used to train the hybrid deep neural network model and the remaining 20% were used for the testing purpose. The capability and prediction accuracy of the HDNNs were calculated using the confusion matrix. The hybrid deep neural network showed a 99% classification accuracy on the test set data.

Indexed as

COVID-19Deep LearningHumansNeural Networks, ComputerRadiography, ThoracicSARS-CoV-2Tomography, X-Ray ComputedX-Rayscomputed tomography (CT-scan)COVID-19hybrid deep neural network (HDNNs)long short-term memory (LSTM)

Identifiers

PMID33809665
PMCPMC8002268
OpenAlexW3136625518

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.