ArticlePolymers2021
Insights into the Thermo-Mechanical Treatment of Brewers' Spent Grain as a Potential Filler for Polymer Composites.
Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Brewers' Spent Grain from Different Types of Malt: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Appearance, Structure, Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity, and Volatile Emissions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- High-Energy Milling as a Pre-Treatment Alternative for Lignocellulosic Fibers Derived from Brewer's Spent Grain.Polymers · 2025Article
- Production and Characterization of Biodegradable Wound Dressings Containing Silver-Loaded Zeolite Complexes.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Brewers' Spent Grain-Derived Arabinoxylan as a Sustainable Filler for Enhanced PHBV Biocomposites.Polymers · 2025Article
- Effect of Physical Separation with Ultrasound Application on Brewers' Spent Grain to Obtain Powders for Potential Application in Foodstuffs.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Management of ground tire rubber waste by incorporation into polyurethane-based composite foams.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Article
- Article
- Mater-Bi/Brewers' Spent Grain Biocomposites-Novel Approach to Plant-Based Waste Filler Treatment by Highly Efficient Thermomechanical and Chemical Methods.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Comprehensive Enhancement of Prepolymer-Based Flexible Polyurethane Foams' Performance by Introduction of Cost-Effective Waste-Based Ground Tire Rubber Particles.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Properties of High-Density Fiberboard Bonded with Urea-Formaldehyde Resin and Ammonium Lignosulfonate as a Bio-Based Additive.Polymers · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This paper investigated the impact of twin-screw extrusion parameters on the properties of brewers' spent grain. The chemical structure, antioxidant activity, particle size, and color properties, as well as the emission of volatile organic compounds during extrusion, were investigated. The main compounds detected in the air during modifications were terpenes and terpenoids, such as α-pinene, camphene, 3-carene, limonene, or terpinene. They could be considered as a potential threat to human health and the environment. Changes in the chemical structure, antioxidant activity, and color of materials after modification indicated the Maillard reactions during extrusion, which resulted in the generation of melanoidins, especially at higher temperatures. This should be considered an exciting feature of this treatment method because modified brewers' spent grain may improve the thermooxidative stability of polymer materials. Moreover, the impact of the brewers' spent grain particle size on color and browning index used to determine the melanoidins content was investigated. The presented results show that proper adjustment of extrusion parameters enables the preparation of brewers' spent grain with the desired appearance and chemical properties, which could maximize the efficiency of the modification process.
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