ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Physical Exercise and Alzheimer's Disease: Effects on Pathophysiological Molecular Pathways of the Disease.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Topical Cellular/Tissue and Molecular Aspects Regarding Nonpharmacological Interventions in Alzheimer's Disease-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Physical Exercise and Gut Microbiota: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease in Experimental Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Review
- The Neuroprotective Role of Exercise in Alzheimer's Disease: An Integrative Review of Animal and Human Studies.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Redirecting Alzheimer's disease therapeutics: Multitarget drugs and complementary non-pharmacological strategies.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Aerobic exercise significantly altersJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Mechanistic advances in exercise‑mediated regulation of autophagy dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Multiscale Mechanisms of Exercise-Induced Neuroplasticity: From Molecular Pathways to Network Dynamics and Behavioral Adaptation.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Systems biology of Alzheimer's Disease: a scoping review of key pathways and mechanisms.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Immediate and Long-Term Effectiveness of a Therapeutic Exercise Protocol in Patients with Dementia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Regulation of autophagy-mediated pathways by diet, physical activity, and sleep in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Wakefulness regulation of memory encoding and retrieval: structure and activity.National science review · 2026Review
- Neuroprotective cellular and molecular mechanisms of physical exercise on neurodegenerative diseases.ADMET & DMPK · 2026Review
- Physical exercise mitigates motor and muscular deficits in the 3xTg-AD model of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Effects of Resistance Training on Motor and Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Gene-Exercise Interactions in Amyloid Metabolism and Clearance: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Alzheimer's Disease, and the MIND Diet: A Narrative Review from Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Outcomes.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Positive effects of HIIT and vitamin E on cognitive function, angiogenesis and NRF2 antioxidant pathway in male rats with Alzheimer's disease.Biogerontology · 2025Article
- Let-7 Family as a Mediator of Exercise on Alzheimer's Disease.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Causal cardiovascular risk factors for dementia: insights from observational and genetic studies.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Circulating medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines are associated with plasma P-tau181 in cognitively normal older adults.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia in adults worldwide, is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disorder characterized by the interaction of genetic and epigenetic factors and the dysregulation of numerous intracellular signaling and cellular/molecular pathways. The introduction of the systems biology framework is revolutionizing the study of complex diseases by allowing the identification and integration of cellular/molecular pathways and networks of interaction. Here, we reviewed the relationship between physical activity and the next pathophysiological processes involved in the risk of developing AD, based on some crucial molecular pathways and biological process dysregulated in AD: (1) Immune system and inflammation; (2) Endothelial function and cerebrovascular insufficiency; (3) Apoptosis and cell death; (4) Intercellular communication; (5) Metabolism, oxidative stress and neurotoxicity; (6) DNA damage and repair; (7) Cytoskeleton and membrane proteins; (8) Synaptic plasticity. Moreover, we highlighted the increasingly relevant role played by advanced neuroimaging technologies, including structural/functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and arterial spin labelling, in exploring the link between AD and physical exercise. Regular physical exercise seems to have a protective effect against AD by inhibiting different pathophysiological molecular pathways implicated in AD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.