ReviewBrain sciences2021
Prevalence of Neural Autoantibodies in Epilepsy of Unknown Etiology: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Frequency of anti-neural antibodies and autoimmune epilepsy in focal epilepsy of unknown etiology: An observational study in a Singaporean cohort.Epilepsia open · 2026Article
- Prevalence and clinical correlates of autoimmune and infection-related antibodies in unexplained seizures in western China.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Global disparities in the recognition, diagnosis, and management of seizures or epilepsy of autoimmune etiology.Epilepsia open · 2026Article
- The spatial architecture of neuroimmune interactions in epilepsy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Clinical and Autoimmune Profiles of Omani Patients with True Versus False Positive Autoimmune Encephalitis Antibodies Panels.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2025Article
- The three pillars in treating antibody-mediated encephalitis.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2024Review
- Case report: Refractory focal motor seizure associated with cerebrospinal fluid neurochondrin antibody.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Immune Mechanism of Epileptogenesis and Related Therapeutic Strategies.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Role of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor NR2B Subunit in Inflammatory Arthritis-Induced Chronic Pain and Peripheral Sensitized Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review.Journal of pain research · 2022Review
- Prevalence of Neural Autoantibodies in Paired Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Adult Patients with Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy of Unknown Etiology.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Kelch-like Protein 11 (KLHL11) Antibodies in Children With Seizures of Undetermined Cause.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of neural autoantibodies in epilepsy of unknown etiology varies among studies. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the pooled global prevalence and the prevalence for each antibody.
methodsA systematic search was conducted for studies that included prospectively patients ≥16 years old with epilepsy of unknown etiology and systematically determined neural autoantibodies. A meta-analysis was undertaken to estimate pooled prevalence in total patients with a positive result for at least one neural autoantibody in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and for each autoantibody.
resultsTen of the eleven studies that met the inclusion criteria and a total of 1302 patients with epilepsy of unknown etiology were included in themeta-analysis. The global pooled prevalence (IC95%) was 7.6% (4.6-11.2) in a total of 82 patients with a positive result for any neural autoantibody. None of the controls available in the studies had a positive result. Individual pooled prevalence for each autoantibody was: glycine receptor (GlyR) (3.2%), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) (1.9%),
conclusionsThe pooled prevalence of neural autoantibodies in patients with epilepsy of unknown etiology is small but not irrelevant. None of the controls had a positive result. There was high heterogeneity among studies. In the future, a homogeneous protocol for testing neural autoantibodies is recommended.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.