ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Preparation and Evaluation of Azelaic Acid Topical Microemulsion Formulation: In Vitro and In Vivo Study.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and evaluation of madecassoside-loaded microemulsion for enhanced topical drug delivery.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Development and evaluation of clotrimazole microemulsions for topical application: Effects of HLB value of surfactant mixture and cosurfactant type on formulation design.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Azelaic Acid Pharmacological Properties, Clinical Applications, and Innovative Topical Formulations.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Harnessing Azelaic Acid for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment: A Novel Approach to Overcoming Chemoresistance and Improving Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Azelaic Acid: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Applications.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2024Review
- The Formulation and Evaluation of Deep Eutectic Vehicles for the Topical Delivery of Azelaic Acid for Acne Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Azelaic Acid Regulates the Renin-Angiotensin System and Improves Colitis Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimentation.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Preparation and Characterization of Avermectin B2 Microcapsules and Effective Control of Root-Knot Nematodes.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Development, Optimization, and In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation of Azelaic Acid Transethosomal Gel for Antidermatophyte Activity.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Development and Characterization of Azithromycin-Loaded Microemulsions: A Promising Tool for the Treatment of Bacterial Skin Infections.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Phospholipid-Based Microemulsions for Cutaneous Imiquimod Delivery.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Novel Hydrogels for Topical Applications: An Updated Comprehensive Review Based on Source.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Insights from a Box-Behnken Optimization Study of Microemulsions with Salicylic Acid for Acne Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Enhancement of the Topical Bioavailability and Skin Whitening Effect of Genistein by Using Microemulsions as Drug Delivery Carriers.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design oil in water (O/W) microemulsion formulations for the topical administration of azelaic acid. The permeability of azelaic acid through rat skin and the anti-inflammatory activities of the formulations were conducted to examine the efficacy of the designed formulations. Skin irritation and stability tests were also performed. The permeability of azelaic acid was significantly increased by using O/W microemulsions as carriers. The edema index of ear swelling percentage was significantly recovered by the 5% drug-loaded formulation and a 20% commercial product, demonstrating that the experimental formulation possessed comparable effect with the commercial product on the improvement of inflammation. The experimental formulation did not cause significant skin irritation compared to the negative control group. Moreover, the drug-loaded formulation also showed thermodynamic stability and chemical stability after storage for 30 days. In conclusion, the O/W microemulsion was a potential drug delivery carrier for azelaic acid topical application.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.