ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Sexual Dimorphism in Glucocorticoid Stress Response.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex and gender differences in memory in epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Biology of sex differences · 2025Pooled it
- From Cellular Stress to Systemic Adaptation: The Circadian Clock and Stress Response at Cellular and Systemic Levels.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Timing of feeding mitigates metabolic effects of circadian disruption.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Article
- Interplay between the HPA axis and inflammation as mechanisms therapeutic targets ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Patterns of Cortisol Fluctuation, Stress, and Academic Success in Quarantined Foreign Medical Students During the COVID-19 Lockdown.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Early positive tactile stimulation reverses the increase of anxiety and decrease of sociality induced by early chronic mechanical pain in mandarin voles.Integrative zoology · 2025Article
- Central and peripheral regulation of the GH/IGF-1 axis: GHRH and beyond.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Sexually Dimorphic Effect of Environmental Enrichment and Weaning on Stress in Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Sex chromosomes and sex hormones differently shape microglial properties during normal physiological conditions in the adult mouse hippocampus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The orca (Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2025Article
- Perinatal glucocorticoid sensitivity in the preterm newborn: molecular mechanisms, endogenous determinants, and clinical implications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Stress enhances aggression in male rats with genetic stress hyper-reactivity.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2024Article
- FKBP51-Hsp90 Interaction-Deficient Mice Exhibit Altered Endocrine Stress Response and Sex Differences Under High-Fat Diet.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Heat stress alters hematological parameters in barrows and gilts.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- The cortisol switch between vulnerability and resilience.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- Relationship between COVID-related stressors and internalizing symptoms: Gendered neuroendocrine risk profiles.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- The osteocytic actions of glucocorticoids on bone mass, mechanical properties, or perilacunar remodeling outcomes are not rescued by PTH(1-34).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Developmental and adult stress: effects of steroids and neurosteroids.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Effects of very low-calorie ketogenic diet on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Review
- Acute Ozone-Induced Transcriptional Changes in Markers of Oxidative Stress and Glucocorticoid Signaling in the Rat Hippocampus and Hypothalamus Are Sex-Specific.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic stress is encountered in our everyday life and is thought to contribute to a number of diseases. Many of these stress-related disorders display a sex bias. Because glucocorticoid hormones are the main biological mediator of chronic stress, researchers have been interested in understanding the sexual dimorphism in glucocorticoid stress response to better explain the sex bias in stress-related diseases. Although not yet demonstrated for glucocorticoid regulation, sex chromosomes do influence sex-specific biology as soon as conception. Then a transient rise in testosterone start to shape the male brain during the prenatal period differently to the female brain. These organizational effects are completed just before puberty. The cerebral regions implicated in glucocorticoid regulation at rest and after stress are thereby impacted in a sex-specific manner. After puberty, the high levels of all gonadal hormones will interact with glucocorticoid hormones in specific crosstalk through their respective nuclear receptors. In addition, stress occurring early in life, in particular during the prenatal period and in adolescence will prime in the long-term glucocorticoid stress response through epigenetic mechanisms, again in a sex-specific manner. Altogether, various molecular mechanisms explain sex-specific glucocorticoid stress responses that do not exclude important gender effects in humans.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.