ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Cytokines Stimulated by IL-33 in Human Skin Mast Cells: Involvement of NF-κB and p38 at Distinct Levels and Potent Co-Operation with FcεRI and MRGPRX2.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rewiring Atopic Dermatitis: Alarmin Cytokines at the Core of Barrier-Immune-Neuro-Microbiome Networks.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- The Role of the IL-33/ST2 Axis in Nervous System Development and Diseases.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of pruritus and advances in traditional Chinese medicine therapy (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Advances in skin aging: integrating epigenetic, cellular, and immune mechanisms for targeted therapy.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Review
- Prolonged IL-33 Exposure Switches the Secreted Mast Cell Cytokine Profile From Pro-Inflammatory to Pro-Tolerant.Allergy · 2026Article
- From Invisibility to Inclusion: Evidence, Lived Experience, and Policy Directions for Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Report from the Resilience 2025 International Conference.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Gut-Brain Inflammation and Disrupted Homeostasis Due to Activation of Mast Cells and Microglia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A review of core immuno-inflammatory mechanisms and key regulatory targets in psoriasis.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Review
- T Cell/Mast Cell Crosstalk in the Skin of Patients Suffering From Immune-Mediated Diseases, Focusing on Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.Clinical and translational allergy · 2026Review
- Inflammatory immune mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of psoriasis and atherosclerosis: clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Icatibant Acts as a Balanced Ligand of MRGPRX2 in Human Skin Mast Cells.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Transcriptional Regulation of Mouse Mast Cell Differentiation and the Role of Human Lung Mast Cells in Airway Inflammation.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Beyond the classic players: Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor member X2 role in pruritus and skin diseases.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Review
- Clinical Investigation of IL-31, TOS and GSH in the Sera of Gastric Cancer Females Patients In Iraq.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- CREB Is Critically Implicated in Skin Mast Cell Degranulation Elicited via FcεRI and MRGPRX2.Cells · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- IL-33 priming and antigenic stimulation synergistically promote the transcription of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes in human skin mast cells.BMC genomics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The IL-1 family cytokine IL-33 activates and re-shapes mast cells (MCs), but whether and by what mechanisms it elicits cytokines in MCs from human skin remains poorly understood. The current study found that IL-33 activates CCL1, CCL2, IL-5, IL-8, IL-13, and TNF-α, while IL-1β, IL-6, IL-31, and VEGFA remain unaffected in cutaneous MCs, highlighting that each MC subset responds to IL-33 with a unique cytokine profile. Mechanistically, IL-33 induced the rapid (1-2 min) and durable (2 h) phosphorylation of p38, whereas the phosphorylation of JNK was weaker and more transient. Moreover, the NF-κB pathway was potently activated, as revealed by IκB degradation, increased nuclear abundance of p50/p65, and vigorous phosphorylation of p65. The activation of NF-κB occurred independently of p38 or JNK. The induced transcription of the cytokines selected for further study (CCL1, CCL2, IL-8, TNF-α) was abolished by interference with NF-κB, while p38/JNK had only some cytokine-selective effects. Surprisingly, at the level of the secreted protein products, p38 was nearly as effective as NF-κB for all entities, suggesting post-transcriptional involvement. IL-33 did not only instruct skin MCs to produce selected cytokines, but it also efficiently co-operated with the allergic and pseudo-allergic/neurogenic activation networks in the production of IL-8, TNF-α, CCL1, and CCL2. Synergism was more pronounced at the protein than at the mRNA level and appeared stronger for MRGPRX2 ligands than for FcεRI. Our results underscore the pro-inflammatory nature of an acute IL-33 stimulus and imply that especially in combination with allergens or MRGPRX2 agonists, IL-33 will efficiently amplify skin inflammation and thereby aggravate inflammatory dermatoses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.